Comparative metabolomics of developmental alterations caused by mineral deficiency during in vitro culture of Gentiana triflora
Comparative metabolomics of developmental alterations caused by mineral deficiency during in vitro culture of Gentiana triflora
复制标题
三花龙胆体外培养过程中矿物质缺乏引起的发育改变的比较代谢组学
作者：
Hideyuki Takahashi;T. Imamura;A. Miyagi;H. Uchimiya
龙胆（Gentiana triflora、G.scabra 以及两者的杂交种）在日本主要作为观赏花卉栽培。由于龙胆是同种异体植物，其多样性和杂合性成为一个主要问题。近年来，为了保持遗传纯度，进行了外植体的克隆培养，但尚未对培养条件进行系统研究，因此龙胆培养所需的必需营养素尚不清楚。因此，我们研究了培养基中钾 (K) 和磷 (P) 缺乏的影响。外植体在缺钾或缺磷条件下生长，但缺磷会导致类似于越冬芽的新结构的形成。为了阐明龙胆对矿物质缺乏的反应背后的机制，我们使用毛细管电泳-质谱法进行了有针对性的代谢组分析。使用代谢物谱的多变量分析表明，特征代谢模式是响应钾或磷缺乏而出现的。缺磷时，能量代谢物严重减少，这可能反过来触发体外越冬芽的形成。这些发现可能有助于了解龙胆触发芽形成所需的园艺条件，并可能提供长期保持遗传纯度的新策略。
Gentians (Gentiana triflora, G. scabra, and hybrids of the two) are mainly cultivated as ornamental flowers in Japan. Because gentians are allogamous plants, their diversity and heterozygosity have become a major problem. Recently, explants were clonally cultured to maintain genetic purity, but culture conditions have not been studied systematically, thus the essential nutrients required for gentian culture are unknown. We therefore investigated the effects of potassium (K) and phosphorus (P) deficiency in culture media. Explants grew under K or P deficiency conditions, but P deficiency caused the formation of new structures which are similar to overwintering buds. To elucidate the mechanism behind the gentian response to mineral deficiency, we performed targeted metabolome analyses using capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry. Multivariate analysis using metabolite profiles showed that characteristic metabolite patterns arise in response to K or P deficiency. Under P deficiency there is a severe decrease in energy metabolites, which may in turn trigger overwintering bud formation in vitro. These findings may contribute to understanding the horticultural conditions required by gentians to trigger bud formation, and may provide a new strategy for maintaining genetic purity for long periods.