A weather surveillance radar view of Alaskan avian migration
A weather surveillance radar view of Alaskan avian migration
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2021.0232
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发表时间：
2021-05
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Ashwin H. Sivakumar;D. Sheldon;Kevin Winner;Carolyn S. Burt;K. Horton
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ashwin H. Sivakumar;D. Sheldon;Kevin Winner;Carolyn S. Burt;K. Horton
监测全球亚北极地区的鸟类迁徙带来了后勤方面的挑战。这些地区的种群往往受到气候变化的最迅速影响，而这些季节性多产地区在支持鸟类种群方面尤为重要——这强调了监测工具和战略的必要性。为此，我们利用气象监测雷达数据的未开发潜力来量化阿拉斯加空域的活跃迁移。我们使用1995年至2018年期间来自该州七个站点的40多万份NEXRAD雷达扫描（86%的样本来自2013年至2018年）来测量春季和秋季的迁徙强度、物候和方向性。一个巨大的弓形陆地迁徙系统横跨该州南部的三分之二，鸟类通常沿着第150子午线以东的西北-东南对角线轴线移动，沿着该子午线以西的东北-西南轴线移动。春季迁移高峰在5月3日至5月30日之间，在秋季在8月18日至9月12日之间，通过经度而不是纬度来预测跨站的时间。在所有站点中，与春季相比，秋季的迁移强度最大，随着额外年份雷达测量的积累，突出了测量这一重要系统的净繁殖生产力季节性指数的机会。
Monitoring avian migration within subarctic regions of the globe poses logistical challenges. Populations in these regions often encounter the most rapid effects of changing climates, and these seasonally productive areas are especially important in supporting bird populations—emphasizing the need for monitoring tools and strategies. To this end, we leverage the untapped potential of weather surveillance radar data to quantify active migration through the airspaces of Alaska. We use over 400 000 NEXRAD radar scans from seven stations across the state between 1995 and 2018 (86% of samples derived from 2013 to 2018) to measure spring and autumn migration intensity, phenology and directionality. A large bow-shaped terrestrial migratory system spanning the southern two-thirds of the state was identified, with birds generally moving along a northwest–southeast diagonal axis east of the 150th meridian, and along a northeast–southwest axis west of this meridian. Spring peak migration ranged from 3 May to 30 May and between, 18 August and 12 September during the autumn, with timing across stations predicted by longitude, rather than latitude. Across all stations, the intensity of migration was greatest during the autumn as compared to spring, highlighting the opportunity to measure seasonal indices of net breeding productivity for this important system as additional years of radar measurements are amassed.