Social Expectation Improves Speech Perception in Noise
Social Expectation Improves Speech Perception in Noise
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DOI：
10.1177/0023830914565191
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发表时间：
2015-12-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
McGowan, Kevin B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McGowan, Kevin B.
通过测量汉语口音语音在噪声中的转录准确度来考察听者在言语感知过程中对社会信息的使用情况，同时向听者呈现一张和谐的中国面孔、一张不和谐的高加索面孔或一个缺乏信息的剪影。当听者看到一张中国面孔时，他们的转录比呈现给高加索面孔时更准确。这种差异既存在于经验水平相对较高的听众，也存在于经验水平相对较低的中国口音英语听众。总体而言，这些结果与社交言语感知模型不一致，在该模型中，听者的偏见会减少对声音信号的注意。这些结果大体上与社会指数化言语知觉的范例模型一致，该模型预测，社会类别的激活将提高社交适当插曲痕迹的基本激活水平，但经验丰富和经验较少的听者的相似表现表明，需要一种更微妙的视角，同时考虑详细体验和听者刻板印象。
Listeners' use of social information during speech perception was investigated by measuring transcription accuracy of Chinese-accented speech in noise while listeners were presented with a congruent Chinese face, an incongruent Caucasian face, or an uninformative silhouette. When listeners were presented with a Chinese face they transcribed more accurately than when presented with the Caucasian face. This difference existed both for listeners with a relatively high level of experience and for listeners with a relatively low level of experience with Chinese-accented English. Overall, these results are inconsistent with a model of social speech perception in which listener bias reduces attendance to the acoustic signal. These results are generally consistent with exemplar models of socially indexed speech perception predicting that activation of a social category will raise base activation levels of socially appropriate episodic traces, but the similar performance of more and less experienced listeners suggests the need for a more nuanced view with a role for both detailed experience and listener stereotypes.