Aerosolized bacteria and microbial activity in dental clinics during cleaning procedures
Aerosolized bacteria and microbial activity in dental clinics during cleaning procedures
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jaerosci.2017.09.019
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发表时间：
2017-12-01
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Mitra, Aniruddha
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Adhikari, Atin;Kurella, Sushma;Mitra, Aniruddha
在牙齿清洁过程中使用尖锐器械、手机、水-空气喷雾和高速旋转装置可释放口腔细菌，这可能导致重大的职业性生物气溶胶暴露风险。本研究的目的是采样空气中的细菌和鉴定流行的细菌属，并测试在几个美国牙科诊所房间的诊所地板上的沉降飞溅物在牙齿清洁程序（n = 15）的整体微生物活性。可培养的空气中的细菌进行了测量的Biostage撞击器和空气中的可培养的细菌群落的多样性和相对丰度进行了评估，通过焦磷酸测序的16 S rRNA基因。从地板表面采集的擦拭飞溅物样本中测定ATP水平，以了解总体微生物活性并估计诊所表面的总体清洁度。口腔清洁程序开始、期间和之后，空气中细菌的浓度分别为671 +/- 525、917 +/- 1203和899 +/- 823 CFU/m3，地板上ATP水平分别为91 +/- 101、243 +/- 129和139 +/- 77 RLU/样本。优势菌门为变形菌门。共检测到45个细菌属，其中显着的包括嗜冷杆菌，假单胞菌，孢子八叠球菌，链球菌。几种病原性细菌物种，如嗜冷杆菌属（包括肺嗜冷杆菌和粪嗜冷杆菌）、链球菌属（包括链球菌）。thermophiles，S. parasanguinis和S.口腔细菌）、假单胞菌属（包括禾谷假单胞菌）在牙齿清洁程序的不同阶段收集的空气样品中被鉴定。在清洁过程中，牙科诊所房间中空气中细菌的浓度没有显著增加。然而，可培养细菌的多样性发生了变化。在我们的研究中检测到的主要类群的多样性和相似性的变化，最近报道的急性或慢性根管感染和龈上菌斑样本的细菌类群表明，口腔细菌从患者可以显着有助于空气中的细菌负荷在牙科诊所在清洁程序。
Use of sharp instruments, handpieces, water-air sprays, and high speed rotary devices during dental cleaning procedures can release oral bacteria, which may cause significant occupational bioaerosol exposure risks. This study aimed at sampling of airborne bacteria and identification of prevalent bacterial genera and testing of overall microbial activity in settled splatter over clinic floors in several US dental clinic rooms during dental cleaning procedures (n = 15). Culturable airborne bacteria were measured by a Biostage impactor and the diversity and relative abundance of the airborne culturable bacterial community were evaluated by pyrosequencing of 16s rRNA genes. ATP levels were determined in swabbed splatter samples collected from floor surfaces for understanding overall microbial activity and estimating the general cleanliness of the clinic surfaces. Concentrations at the beginning, during, and after dental cleaning procedures were 671 +/- 525, 917 +/- 1203, and 899 +/- 823 CFU/m(3), respectively for airborne bacteria and 91 +/- 101, 243 +/- 129, and 139 +/- 77 RLU/sample, respectively for ATP levels on floors. The dominant bacterial phylum was Proteobacteria. A total of 45 bacterial genera were detected, notable among them included Psychrobacter, Pseudomonas, Sporosarcina, and Streptococcus. Several pathogenic bacterial species such as Psychrobacter sp. (including P. pulmonis, and P. faecalis), Streptococcus sp. (including S. thermophiles, S. parasanguinis, and S. oralis), Pseudomonas sp. (including P. graminis) were identified in air samples collected at different stages of the dental cleaning procedures. The concentration of airborne bacteria in dental clinic rooms did not increase significantly during the cleaning procedures. The diversity of culturable bacteria, however, changed. This change in the diversity and the similarity in major taxa detected in our study to the bacterial taxa reported recently from acute or chronic root canal infections and supragingival plaque samples indicate that oral bacteria from patients can significantly contribute to airborne bacterial load in dental clinics during cleaning procedures.