Spatial pattern of the fragile karst environment in southwest Guizhou province
Spatial pattern of the fragile karst environment in southwest Guizhou province
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作者：
Lang An
中国喀斯特地区是贵州中国黔西南四大生态脆弱带之一，具有典型的喀斯特景观和环境特征，是中国西部长期以来的重点整治区域之一，人类活动导致研究区石漠化、水土流失和森林生态系统退化严重，对区域经济发展和生态环境产生了不利影响。分析了黔西南地区生态退化及其空间格局及其驱动因素。而人口压力及其不合理的人类活动是环境退化的最大驱动力，区域人地矛盾是造成喀斯特环境恶化的主要原因，而人地矛盾是矛盾的核心。退化环境的恢复包括两个方面，即停止人类破坏活动和实施基于地理信息系统分析的改善措施。生态脆弱度(I)由公式I=I1+I2-I3给出，其中I1为岩溶沙化面积比率，I2为土壤侵蚀面积比率。根据I值将研究区域划分为4个亚区：1个极端脆弱亚区(I=)，1个严重脆弱亚区(I=51)，2个中等脆弱亚区(I=27，26)。这为贵州西南区域生态环境管理提供了一个框架
The karst areas in Southwest China constitute one of four fragile eco zones in China Southwest Guizhou, characterized by typical karst landscape and environment, is one of the major regions for rehabilitation in West China For a long time, human activities have led to serious rock desertification, soil erosion and forest ecosystem degradation in the study region, and have exerted adverse effect on regional economic development and ecology This paper analyzes ecological degradation, its spatial pattern and the related driving factors in southwest Guizhou province Rock desertification and soil erosion are the most serious ecological problems in southwest Guizhou, closely related to forest and soil degradation The karst landform pattern generally controls the ecological pattern, while population pressure and the resulting unreasonable human activities serve as the most powerful driving forces for environmental degradation Consequently, the regional man land contradiction is responsible for the deterioration of karst environment, with man as the core of the contradiction The rehabilitation of the deteriorating environment consists of two aspects,i.e., stopping human destructive activities and carrying out improvement measures Based on GIS analysis, the degree of ecological fragility ( I ) is given according to the equation: I=I 1 + I 2 -I 3 where I 1 is the ratio of rock desertified area, I 2 the ratio of soil eroded area, and I 3 the forest coverage The study region is divided into four sub regions in terms of the value of I: one extremely fragile sub region ( I =64), one seriously fragile sub region ( I =51), and two moderately fragile sub regions ( I =27, 26, respectively) This provides a framework for management of regional ecology and environment in southwest Guizhou