How the trade barrier changes environmental costs of agricultural production: An implication derived from China's demand for soybean caused by the US-China trade war
How the trade barrier changes environmental costs of agricultural production: An implication derived from China's demand for soybean caused by the US-China trade war
复制标题
贸易壁垒如何改变农业生产的环境成本：中美贸易战对中国大豆需求的启示
DOI：
10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.04.192
复制
发表时间：
2019-08-01
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Wang, Xiaolong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
He, Rongrong;Zhu, Dan;Wang, Xiaolong
国际贸易总是受到世界各地频繁出现的贸易壁垒的影响。其中一个例子是，美中贸易战于2018年7月6日正式开始。大豆被视为中国政府在贸易战中科普美国的重要武器，因为从美国进口的大豆数量巨大。本研究关注的是贸易壁垒对中国大豆需求可能造成的全球和国内环境成本，并考虑中国可以实施的不同策略。结果表明，由于美国大豆过剩和粮食运输里程增加，国际大豆贸易的变化将导致全球环境成本在短期内明显上升。如果美国大豆过剩的问题能够得到解决，从长远来看，由于巴西和阿根廷在大豆生产的一些环境指标方面相对于美国具有比较优势，全球环境成本将降低。通过用大豆替代现有的玉米作物来提高中国大豆的自给率，将是改善全球和国内环境成本的最佳战略。本研究为中国在考虑环境影响的同时弥补大豆贸易逆差的政策制定提供了研究依据。研究结果表明：（1）国家间的贸易壁垒通常会在短期内增加全球农业生产的环境成本;（2）全球范围内合理的作物布局和可持续的种植制度将改善全球农业系统的环境绩效。(C)2019爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
International trade is always affected by the frequently occurring trade barriers arising across the world. One such instance is when the US-China trade war formally began on July 6, 2018. Soybean was viewed as an important weapon of the Chinese government to cope with the United States (US) in the trade war, given the huge quantity of soybean imported from the US to China. This study is interested in the possible global and domestic environmental costs of China's demand for soybean caused by the trade barrier and considers the different strategies China could implement. The results showed that a change in international soybean trade would lead to the obvious growth of global environmental costs in the short term due to the soybean surplus in the US and the increased food transportation mileage. If the problem of surplus soybean in the US could be resolved, global environmental costs would decrease in the long term due to the comparative advantages of Brazil and Argentina over the US in regard to some environmental indicators of soybean production. Increasing China's soybean self-sufficiency by replacing existing maize crops with soybean would be the best strategy for improving global and domestic environmental costs. This study provides a research basis for policy-making to replenish the Chinese soybean deficit while considering the effects on the environment, and the findings of this study reveal the following implications: (1) a trade barrier among nations normally increases the global environmental costs of agricultural production in the short term; and (2) a rational crop layout and a sustainable cropping system at the global level would improve the environmental performance of the global agricultural system. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.