A review of the application of inflammatory biomarkers in epidemiologic cancer research.
A review of the application of inflammatory biomarkers in epidemiologic cancer research.
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DOI：
10.1158/1055-9965.epi-14-0064
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发表时间：
2014-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hung RJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Brenner DR;Scherer D;Muir K;Schildkraut J;Boffetta P;Spitz MR;Le Marchand L;Chan AT;Goode EL;Ulrich CM;Hung RJ
炎症是多种癌症类型的促进过程。它被认为通过几种病因学途径影响癌症的发展和进展，包括增加DNA加合物形成水平、增加血管生成和改变抗凋亡信号传导。这篇综述强调了炎症生物标志物在流行病学研究中的应用，并讨论了表征先天免疫系统对感染和环境因素慢性损伤反应的各种炎症细胞介质。包括六类炎症相关的生物标志物：细胞因子/趋化因子，免疫相关效应物，急性期蛋白，活性氧和氮的物种，胰高血糖素和环氧合酶相关因子，和介质，如转录因子和生长因子的审查。对于这些生物标志物中的每一个，我们提供了炎症反应中的病因学作用的简要概述，以及它们如何与文献中的癌症病因学和进展相关。我们提供了一个讨论的共同技术可用于量化每个标记，包括优势，劣势和潜在的陷阱。随后，我们强调了一些研究不足的措施，以表征炎症反应及其在癌症流行病学研究中的潜在效用。最后，我们建议未来的研究采用多方面的方法来研究炎症标志物及其在癌症发展中的作用之间的关系。
Inflammation is a facilitating process for multiple cancer types. It is believed to affect cancer development and progression through several etiologic pathways including increased levels of DNA adduct formation, increased angiogenesis and altered anti-apoptotic signaling. This review highlights the application of inflammatory biomarkers in epidemiologic studies and discusses the various cellular mediators of inflammation characterizing the innate immune system response to infection and chronic insult from environmental factors. Included is a review of six classes of inflammation-related biomarkers: cytokines/chemokines, immune-related effectors, acute phase proteins, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, prostaglandins and cyclooxygenase-related factors, and mediators such as transcription factors and growth factors. For each of these biomarkers we provide a brief overview of the etiologic role in the inflammation response and how they have been related to cancer etiology and progression within the literature. We provide a discussion of the common techniques available for quantification of each marker including strengths, weaknesses and potential pitfalls. Subsequently, we highlight a few under-studied measures to characterize the inflammatory response and their potential utility in epidemiologic studies of cancer. Finally, we suggest integrative methods for future studies to apply multi-faceted approaches to examine the relationship between inflammatory markers and their roles in cancer development.