Divergent sexual signals reflect costs of local parasites*
Divergent sexual signals reflect costs of local parasites*
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不同的性信号反映了当地寄生虫的成本*
DOI：
10.1111/evo.13994
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Safran, Rebecca J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hund, Amanda K.;Hubbard, Joanna K.;Albrecht, Tomáš;Vortman, Yoni;Munclinger, Pavel;Krausová, Simona;Tomášek, Oldřich;Safran, Rebecca J.
许多密切相关的种群通过性信号的变异来区分，这种变异被认为在生殖隔离和物种形成中起着重要作用。在种群内，有大量证据表明，性信号提供了有关寄生虫感染发生率和严重程度的信息，但目前尚不清楚寄生虫群落在空间上的变化是否在启动或维持性特征分化方面发挥作用。为了测试寄生虫相关选择的变异，我们比较了三个具有不同性信号的小燕子亚种。我们发现，不同亚种的寄生虫群落结构和宿主对生态相似寄生虫的耐受性存在差异。在亚种中，我们还发现不同的寄生虫在雄性生存和繁殖成功方面代价高昂。对于每个亚种，偏好的性信号与当地最昂贵的寄生虫有关，表明不同的信号为雌性提供了有关当地寄生虫群落的相关信息。在亚种中，相同的特征通常与不同的寄生虫有关，这表明寄生虫-性信号联系相当灵活，可能进化得相对较快。本研究为(1)寄生物群落的差异和(2)三个具有不同性信号特征的密切相关亚种之间不同的寄生物-性信号联系提供了证据，表明寄生物可能在这些密切相关但地理隔离的种群之间启动和/或维持性信号分化方面发挥了重要作用。
Many closely related populations are distinguished by variation in sexual signals and this variation is hypothesized to play an important role in reproductive isolation and speciation. Within populations, there is considerable evidence that sexual signals provide information about the incidence and severity of parasite infections, but it remains unclear if variation in parasite communities across space could play a role in initiating or maintaining sexual trait divergence. To test for variation in parasite-associated selection, we compared three barn swallow subspecies with divergent sexual signals. We found that parasite community structure and host tolerance to ecologically similar parasites varied between subspecies. Across subspecies we also found that different parasites were costly in terms of male survival and reproductive success. For each subspecies, the preferred sexual signal(s) were associated with the most costly local parasite(s), indicating that divergent signals are providing relevant information to females about local parasite communities. Across subspecies, the same traits were often associated with different parasites, indicating that parasite-sexual signal links are quite flexible and may evolve relatively quickly. This study provides evidence for (1) variation in parasite communities and (2) different parasite-sexual signal links among three closely related subspecies with divergent sexual signal traits, suggesting that parasites may play an important role in initiating and/or maintaining the divergence of sexual signals among these closely related, yet geographically isolated populations.