Interrelation of oxidative stress and inflammation in neurodegenerative disease: role of TNF.
Interrelation of oxidative stress and inflammation in neurodegenerative disease: role of TNF.
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DOI：
10.1155/2015/610813
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Maier O
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fischer R;Maier O
神经炎症和线粒体功能障碍是中枢神经系统慢性神经退行性疾病的共同特征。这两种情况都可以通过过量释放有害的活性氧和氮物质（ROS和RNS）导致氧化应激增加，这进一步促进神经元损伤和随后的炎症，导致神经变性的前馈回路。细胞因子肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）是免疫系统的主要调节因子，由于其受体TNF受体1（TNFR1）激活和募集免疫细胞，因此在炎症传播中起重要作用。此外，TNFR 1可以通过激活ROS和RNS产生酶直接诱导氧化应激。TNF诱导的氧化应激和炎症相互作用并协同促进神经退行性变。然而，TNF在神经退行性疾病中起双重作用，因为通过其第二受体TNFR2的刺激具有神经保护作用并促进组织再生。在这里，我们回顾了氧化应激和炎症的相互关系，在两个主要的慢性神经退行性疾病，阿尔茨海默氏症和帕金森氏病，并讨论了TNF在促进神经退行性疾病和组织再生通过其两个受体的双重作用。
Neuroinflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction are common features of chronic neurodegenerative diseases of the central nervous system. Both conditions can lead to increased oxidative stress by excessive release of harmful reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS), which further promote neuronal damage and subsequent inflammation resulting in a feed-forward loop of neurodegeneration. The cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF), a master regulator of the immune system, plays an important role in the propagation of inflammation due to the activation and recruitment of immune cells via its receptor TNF receptor 1 (TNFR1). Moreover, TNFR1 can directly induce oxidative stress by the activation of ROS and RNS producing enzymes. Both TNF-induced oxidative stress and inflammation interact and cooperate to promote neurodegeneration. However, TNF plays a dual role in neurodegenerative disease, since stimulation via its second receptor, TNFR2, is neuroprotective and promotes tissue regeneration. Here we review the interrelation of oxidative stress and inflammation in the two major chronic neurodegenerative diseases, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, and discuss the dual role of TNF in promoting neurodegeneration and tissue regeneration via its two receptors.
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影响因子：
15.3
作者：
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14.5
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3.4
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