A toolbox for improved recycling of critical metals and materials in low-carbon technologies
A toolbox for improved recycling of critical metals and materials in low-carbon technologies
复制标题
用于改善低碳技术中关键金属和材料回收的工具箱
DOI：
10.1039/d3su00390f
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发表时间：
2024
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Zante G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Zante G
向可再生能源的转变，加上人口增长、数字化和减少碳足迹的需求等其他因素，导致金属消费量增加。为了满足这一不断增长的需求并避免垃圾在垃圾填埋场堆积，需要有效的回收方法。目前的火法冶金和湿法冶金方法分别使用高温和高消耗的化学品来实现报废材料的完全消化。这些方法可以应用于从报废材料中回收关键金属，但当涉及由金属、无机物和有机物的互穿层制成的复杂报废材料时，这些方法受到固有的限制。这份重要的评论描述了一套化学和物理工具，用于改善从各种废物流中回收金属，重点关注可再生能源部门（风力涡轮机，太阳能电池）以及锂离子电池和制氢催化剂。这些工具针对不同层之间界面的弱点，以释放有价值的金属。其中包括用于尺寸减小和分离的物理方法、处理脆性材料的超声波、氢爆裂、选择性溶解和处理金属的生物冶金方法。无机和有机馏分的管理也得到了强调，热解和溶剂分解处理有机物和回收这些材料的方法。限制和未来的方向进行了讨论，提供了一个全面的指导，以提高回收的金属与通用的工具。
The shift towards renewable energy sources combined with other factors, such as population increase, digitalisation, and a need to decrease carbon footprint, leads to increasing metal consumption. To meet this growing demand and avoid accumulation of waste in landfills, efficient recycling methods are needed. Current pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical methods achieve complete digestion of end-of-life materials using high temperatures and high consumption of chemicals, respectively. These methods can be applied to recover critical metals from end-of-life materials but suffer from inherent limitations when it comes to complex end-of-life materials made of interpenetrated layers of metals, inorganics and organics. This critical review describes a set of chemical and physical tools for improved recovery of metals from various waste streams, with a strong focus on the renewable energy sector (wind turbines, solar cells) as well as lithium-ion batteries and catalysts for hydrogen production. These tools target weaknesses at the interfaces between different layers to liberate the valuable metals. Physical methods used for size reduction and separation, ultrasound to process brittle materials, hydrogen decrepitation, selective dissolution and bio-metallurgical methods to process metals are among those reviewed. Management of inorganic and organic fractions is also emphasised, with pyrolysis and solvolysis to process organics and ways to recycle these materials. Limitations and future directions are discussed, providing a comprehensive guide to improve recycling of metals with versatile tools.
DOI：
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发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
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作者：
F. Schultmann
通讯作者：
F. Schultmann
确保英国技术关键金属的安全
DOI：
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
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作者：
A. Walton;Paul Anderson;Gavin Harper;V. Mann;J. Beddington;Andy Abbott;A. Bloodworth;Dave OudeNijeweme;Emma R. Schofield;F. Wall;N. Glover;R. Chaddock;R. Gross;Robert Lee;R. Grimes;Rupert Lewis;V. C. Gibson;P. Mcguiness;Romana Ogrin
通讯作者：
Romana Ogrin
从电子废物中回收金属：生物浸出与化学浸出回收铜和金
DOI：
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
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作者：
A. Işıldar
通讯作者：
A. Işıldar