Aging Populations, Mortality, and Life Expectancy
Aging Populations, Mortality, and Life Expectancy
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DOI：
10.1146/annurev-soc-073117-041351
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发表时间：
2019-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Zhang, Yuan S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Crimmins, Eileen M.;Zhang, Yuan S.
长期以来，预期寿命一直被视为生活质量和人口健康的一个指标。美国预期寿命的最新趋势显示，某些社会经济和地理群体的预期寿命不平等日益加剧，但种族和性别之间的不平等正在减少。例如，虽然非裔美国人的预期寿命有所增加，但受教育程度较低的非西班牙裔白人女性的预期寿命却有所下降。总体而言，美国在预期寿命方面继续落后于其他国家。其中一个原因是我们越来越多的中年人因所谓的绝望而死亡。如果没有支持美国家庭经济机会的社会政策，公共卫生计划就无法消除这些不利趋势。
Life expectancy has long been seen as an indicator of the quality of life as well as the health of a population. Recent trends in US life expectancy show growing inequality in life expectancy for some socioeconomic and geographic groupings but diminishing inequality by race and gender. For example, while African Americans had gains in life expectancy, non-Hispanic white women with low levels of education experienced drops. Overall, the United States continues to fall behind other countries in terms of life expectancy. One reason is our growing mortality in midlife from so-called deaths of despair. Public health programs cannot eliminate these adverse trends if they are not also accompanied by social policies supporting economic opportunity for US families.