Discounting delayed and probabilistic rewards: Processes and traits
Discounting delayed and probabilistic rewards: Processes and traits
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DOI：
10.1016/s0167-4870(03)00005-9
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发表时间：
2003-10-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Estle, SJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Myerson, J;Green, L;Estle, SJ
在两个相对较大的样本（N-S > 100）中检查了延迟奖励和概率奖励的折扣。对于这两种类型的奖励，双曲线样的折扣函数提供了很好的适合个人数据。奖励金额对时间和概率折扣有相反的影响：较小的延迟奖励比较大的延迟奖励折扣更陡，而较大的概率奖励比较小的概率奖励折扣更陡。双曲线函数的非线性标度参数对于较大的概率奖励较大，但不随延迟奖励的量而变化。两者合计，这些研究结果表明，尽管类似的形式的时间和概率折扣功能，单独的过程可能是延迟和概率奖励折扣的基础。最后，弱到中度的正相关性之间的折扣延迟和概率奖励。这一发现与“冲动”特质的概念不一致，冲动特质将无法延迟满足与赌博和冒险的倾向联系起来。(C)2003 Elsevier B. V.保留所有权利。
Discounting of delayed and probabilistic rewards was examined in two relatively large samples (N-S > 100). For both types of rewards, a hyperbola-like discounting function provided good fits to individual data. Amount of reward had opposite effects on temporal and probability discounting: Smaller delayed rewards were discounted more steeply than larger delayed rewards, whereas larger probabilistic rewards were discounted more steeply than smaller probabilistic rewards. The nonlinear scaling parameter of the hyperbola-like function was larger for larger probabilistic rewards, but did not vary with the amount of delayed reward. Taken together, these findings suggest that despite the similar form of the temporal and probability discounting functions, separate processes may underlie the discounting of delayed and probabilistic rewards. Finally, weak to moderate positive correlations were observed between the discounting of delayed and probabilistic rewards. This finding is inconsistent with the notion of an "impulsiveness" trait that links an inability to delay gratification with a tendency to gamble and take risks. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.