Conversational repair by individuals with dementia of the Alzheimer's type
Conversational repair by individuals with dementia of the Alzheimer's type
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DOI：
10.1044/jshr.3904.881
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发表时间：
1996-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Higginbotham, DJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Orange, JB;Lubinski, RB;Higginbotham, DJ
本研究对6名正常老年人、5名早期阿尔茨海默型痴呆（EDAT）和5名中期DAT（MDAT）患者与一名家庭成员的自发性餐时谈话录像样本进行了会话修复检查。参与沟通故障和修复的话语的总体百分比和会话问题，识别问题的信号，和修复的话语的具体比例进行了评估。使用正常的二人组作为对照组，结果表明，DAT发作和进展的DAT和他们的对话伙伴的对话修复行为的受试者的差异影响。与对照组和EDAT组相比，MDAT组中涉及修复的对话百分比显著更高。尽管随着DAT的发作和进展，对话困难增加，但大多数情况下，这些困难都得到了成功修复。EDAT的主题产生更多的要求修复比他们的对话伙伴。然而，会话伙伴的EDAT科目使用更多的阐述修正比EDAT科目。相反的模式中观察到的MDAT组与MDAT的主题创建和修复更多的会话问题比他们的会话伙伴。MDAT被试比EDAT被试产生了更多的话语麻烦源。还观察到，MDAT主题和会话伙伴经常使用非特定的术语来表示误解。研究结果具有重要的意义，制定具体的DAT的临床阶段的家庭照顾者的沟通增强策略。
Conversational repair was examined in videotaped samples of spontaneous mealtime talk of 6 normal elderly adults, 5 subjects with early stage dementia of the Alzheimer's type (EDAT) and 5 subjects with middle stage DAT (MDAT) with a family member who acted as a conversational partner. The overall percentage of utterances involved in communication breakdown and repair and the specific proportions of utterances related to conversation problems, signals identifying problems, and repairs, were evaluated. Using the normal dyads as a control group, results showed the differential effects of DAT onset and progression on the conversational repair behavior of both subjects with DAT and their conversational partner. The percentage of conversation involved in repair was significantly higher for MDAT versus control and EDAT dyads, Despite the increase of conversational troubles with DAT onset and progression, the difficulties were repaired successfully the majority of the time. Subjects with EDAT produced more requests for repair than did their conversational partners. However, conversational partners of EDAT subjects used more elaboration repairs than did EDAT subjects. The opposite pattern was observed in the MDAT group where subjects with MDAT created and repaired more conversational problems than did their conversational partner. MDAT subjects produced more discourse trouble sources than did EDAT subjects. It was also observed that MDAT subjects and conversational partners frequently used nonspecific terms to signal misunderstandings. The findings have important implications for developing family caregiver communication enhancement strategies that are specific to the clinical stage of DAT.