Estimating the costs and health benefits of water and sanitation improvements at global level
Estimating the costs and health benefits of water and sanitation improvements at global level
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DOI：
10.2166/wh.2007.008
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发表时间：
2007-12-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Bartram, Jamie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Haller, Laurence;Hutton, Guy;Bartram, Jamie
这项研究的目的是估计下列干预措施的成本和健康效益：在世卫组织十个分区域增加获得改良供水和卫生设施的机会，增加获得室内管道供水和污水连接的机会，以及提供家庭水处理。每项干预措施的成本效益以避免的每个残疾调整生命年（DALY）的美元来评估。分析发现，几乎所有干预措施都具有成本效益，特别是在死亡率高的发展中国家。估计的成本效益比（CER）从使用点的消毒每避免20美元到改善水和卫生设施每避免13 000美元不等。虽然在所有分区域增加获得管道供水和污水连接是对健康影响最大的干预措施，但发现家庭水处理是最具成本效益的干预措施。在许多发展中国家，将政策转变为包括更好的家庭水质管理，以补充服务范围的不断扩大和升级，似乎是一种具有成本效益的保健干预措施。
The aim of this study was to estimate the costs and the health benefits of the following interventions: increasing access to improved water supply and sanitation facilities increasing access to in house piped water and sewerage connection, and providing household water treatment, in ten WHO sub-regions. The cost-effectiveness of each intervention was assessed in terms of US dollars per disability adjusted life year (DALY) averted. This analysis found that almost all interventions were cost-effective especially in developing countries with high mortality rates,. The estimated cost-effectiveness ratio (CER) varied between US$20 per DALY averted for disinfection at point of use to US$13,000 per DALY averted for improved water and sanitation facilities. while increasing access to piped water supply and sewage connections on plot was the intervention that had the largest health impact across all sub-regions, household water treatment was found to be the most cost-effective intervention. A policy shift to include better household water quality management to complement the continuing expansion of coverage and upgrading of services would appear to be a cost-effective health intervention in many developing countries.