SOME ANOMALIES RELATED TO SPONTANEOUS SYMMETRY BREAKING
SOME ANOMALIES RELATED TO SPONTANEOUS SYMMETRY BREAKING
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与自发对称破缺相关的一些异常现象
DOI：
10.1142/9789812702173_0001
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发表时间：
2005
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Y. Nambu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Y. Nambu
我讨论了一些伴随自发对称破缺 (SSB) 案例的尼尔森异常、洛伦兹异常和牛顿异常。第一个是李代数单边带中南部-戈德斯通模的数量和色散定律的异常；第二个是在介质或真空中洛伦兹对称性破缺的情况；第三个是准粒子和其他熟悉的激发在介质中被视为经典粒子时的特殊行为。对真空中洛伦兹对称性的单边带进行了推测。
I discuss what I call Nielsen, Lorentz, and Newton anomalies accompanying some cases of spontaneous symmetry breaking (SSB). The first refers to an anomaly in the number and the dispersion law of the Nambu-Goldstone modes in the SSB of Lie algebras; the second to those in the case of Lorentz symmetry breaking, in a medium or in vacuo; and the third to the peculiar behavior of quasiparticle and other familiar excitations in a medium when they are regarded as classical particles. Speculations are made in regard to an SSB of Lorentz symmetryin vacuo.