Changes in maternal gene expression in olfactory circuits in the immediate postpartum period.
Changes in maternal gene expression in olfactory circuits in the immediate postpartum period.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyt.2011.00040
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Treloar HB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Canavan SV;Mayes LC;Treloar HB
产后初期母亲行为的调节涉及奖赏和稳态系统中响应新生儿信号的神经回路。我们的目的是评估一种特定的调节机制：嗅觉在养育行为的发生和调节中所起的作用。我们重点关注大脑嗅觉区域基因表达的变化，检查了之前的基因敲除研究中发现的母性行为所必需的九个基因。使用基于定量 PCR (qPCR) 的方法，我们评估了 11 个显微解剖的嗅觉大脑区域中暴露于幼崽后基因表达的变化。在产后最初几天，所有 9 个基因在所有 11 个区域均被检测到（处于不同水平），并且它们的表达随着幼崽的暴露而发生变化。总体趋势是，在大多数检测的嗅觉区域中，五个基因（Dbh、Esr1、FosB、Foxb1 和 Oxtr）被发现表达量减少，而两个基因（Mest 和 Prlr）被发现增加表达量。 Nos1 和 Peg3 水平保持相对稳定，但在副嗅球 (AOB) 中除外，观察到表达增加了四倍以上。这项研究中发现最大幅度的表达变化是在 AOB 中，它介导各种嗅觉线索，引发交配和攻击等刻板行为以及一些非信息素气味。之前对无效小鼠的九个基因的分析很少检查嗅觉功能。我们的数据表明，这些无效小鼠可能存在嗅觉效应，这有助于观察到的母体行为表型。总的来说，这些数据支持这样的假设：嗅觉处理是母亲行为的重要感官调节器。
Regulation of maternal behavior in the immediate postpartum period involves neural circuits in reward and homeostasis systems responding to cues from the newborn. Our aim was to assess one specific regulatory mechanism: the role that olfaction plays in the onset and modulation of parenting behavior. We focused on changes in gene expression in olfactory brain regions, examining nine genes found in previous knockout studies to be necessary for maternal behavior. Using a quantitative PCR (qPCR)-based approach, we assessed changes in gene expression in response to exposure to pups in 11 microdissected olfactory brain regions. Over the first postpartum days, all nine genes were detected in all 11 regions (at differing levels) and their expression changed in response to pup exposure. As a general trend, five genes (Dbh, Esr1, FosB, Foxb1, and Oxtr) were found to decrease their expression in most of the olfactory regions examined, while two genes (Mest and Prlr) were found to increase expression. Nos1 and Peg3 levels remained relatively stable except in the accessory olfactory bulb (AOB), where greater than fourfold increases in expression were observed. The largest magnitude expression changes in this study were found in the AOB, which mediates a variety of olfactory cues that elicit stereotypic behaviors such as mating and aggression as well as some non-pheromone odors. Previous analyses of null mice for the nine genes assessed here have rarely examined olfactory function. Our data suggest that there may be olfactory effects in these null mice which contribute to the observed maternal behavioral phenotypes. Collectively, these data support the hypothesis that olfactory processing is an important sensory regulator of maternal behavior.