Detecting genetic changes in human tumor cells: have scientists "gone fishing?".
Detecting genetic changes in human tumor cells: have scientists "gone fishing?".
复制标题
检测人类肿瘤细胞的基因变化：科学家“钓鱼了吗”。
DOI：
10.1182/blood.v81.8.1979.1979
复制
发表时间：
1993
期刊：
影响因子：
20.3
通讯作者：
M. L. Le Beau
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. L. Le Beau
D 随着新技术的发展，人类肿瘤中染色体异常的检测已经出现。其中包括识别染色体的新技术，例如染色体显带技术、改进的细胞培养方法、生长因子的使用以及检测染色体异常细胞的更灵敏的技术。由于存在多种异常细胞系和染色体模式的复杂性，人类肿瘤的细胞遗传学分析通常在技术上很困难。此外，染色体带型的解释需要高技能的人员。这些因素促使研究人员寻找识别染色体异常的替代方法。基于 DNA 或 RNA 的技术，例如 DNA 的 Southern 印迹分析或肿瘤细胞 RNA 的聚合酶链式反应 (PCR) 分析，越来越多地用于检测已确定相关基因的异常情况。最近，另一种技术被开发出来，可用于检测间期和中期细胞的染色体异常以及其他遗传变化，即荧光原位杂交 (FISH)。 I4 通过 FISH 分析非分裂细胞的细胞遗传学模式最初由 Cremer 等人提出，通常被称为“间期细胞遗传学^”。^ 在 FISH 发展以来的短时间内，该技术已取得了重大进展。对细胞遗传学和病理学实验室能力的影响，因为 (I) 它是一种快速技术； (2)杂交和检测效率高； (3)敏感性和特异性非常高； (4)可在短时间内分析大量细胞； (5) 细胞遗传学数据可以从非分裂或终末分化的细胞中获得，或者从含有太少细胞进行常规细胞遗传学研究的不良样品中获得，例如从化疗或骨髓移植后不久的患者获得的样品； (6) 该技术允许细胞遗传学和细胞学/形态学特征的直接关联，这使得病理学家能够在模棱两可的病例中区分恶性和良性病症； (7)该技术可以适用于自动化系统。 FISH技术基于与Southern印迹分析相同的原理，即单链DNA与互补DNA退火的能力。与 Southern blot 分析一样，目标 DNA 附着在基质上；就 FISH 而言，目标 DNA 是固定在玻璃显微镜载玻片上的间期细胞的核 DNA 或中期染色体的 DNA（FISH 也可以通过……完成）
D detection of chromosomal abnormalities in human tumors have occurred with the development of new techniques. These have included new techniques to identify chromosomes such as chromosomal banding techniques, improved methods to culture cells, the use of growth factors, and more sensitive techniques to detect chromosomally abnormal cells. Cyto-genetic analysis of human tumors is often technically difficult due to the presence of multiple abnormal cell lines and the complexity of the chromosomal pattern. Moreover, the interpretation of chromosomal banding patterns requires highly skilled personnel. These factors have led investigators to seek alternative methods for identifying chromosomal abnormalities. DNA-based or RNA-based techniques, such as Southern blot analysis of DNA or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of RNA from tumor cells, are being used increasingly to detect those abnormalities for which the involved genes have been identified. Recently, another technique has been developed that has applications in the detection of chromosomal abnormalities as well as other genetic changes in both interphase and metaphase cells, namely, tlu-orescence in situ hybridization (FISH).I4 Analysis of the cy-togenetic pattern of nondividing cells by FISH was first introduced by Cremer et a14 and is often referred to as " interphase cytogenetic^."^ In the short time since the development of FISH, this technique has had a major impact on the capabilities of cytoge-netics and pathology laboratories because (I) it is a rapid technique; (2) the efficiency of hybridization and detection is high; (3) the sensitivity and specificity is very high; (4) large numbers of cells can be analyzed in a short time; (5) cyto-genetic data can be obtained from nondividing or terminally differentiated cells, or from poor samples that contain too few cells for routine cytogenetic studies, eg, samples obtained from patients shortly after chemotherapy or a bone marrow transplant; (6) the technique permits the direct correlation of cytogenetic and cytologic/morphologic features, which enables pathologists to differentiate malignant from benign conditions in equivocal cases; and (7) the technique may be adapted for automated systems. The technique of FISH is based on the same principle as Southern blot analysis, ie, the ability of single-stranded DNA to anneal to complementary DNA. As in Southern blot analysis , the target DNA is attached to a substrate; in the case of FISH, the target DNA is the nuclear DNA of interphase cells or the DNA of metaphase chromosomes that are affixed to a glass microscope slide (FISH can also be accomplished with …
登录
查看更多内容
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.83.9.2934
发表时间：
1986-05-01
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
PINKEL, D;STRAUME, T;GRAY, JW
通讯作者：
GRAY, JW
影响因子：
20.3
作者：
J. Anastasi;M. Beau;J. Vardiman;A. Fernald;R. Larson;J. Rowley
通讯作者：
J. Anastasi;M. Beau;J. Vardiman;A. Fernald;R. Larson;J. Rowley
使用 Y 染色体特异性原位杂交测定分析骨髓移植受者骨髓细胞的起源。
影响因子：
20.3
作者：
Durnam,DM;Anders,KR;Fisher,L;O'Quigley,J;Bryant,EM;Thomas,ED
通讯作者：
Thomas,ED
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.89.12.5321
发表时间：
1992-06-15
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
KALLIONIEMI, OP;KALLIONIEMI, A;GRAY, JW
通讯作者：
GRAY, JW
间期细胞遗传学分析可检测一例急性淋巴细胞白血病病例中的微小残留病，并解决同种异体骨髓移植后复发的起源问题。
影响因子：
20.3
作者：
Anastasi,J;Thangavelu,M;Vardiman,JW;Hooberman,AL;Bian,ML;Larson,RA;LeBeau,MM
通讯作者：
LeBeau,MM