Life Cycle Assessment of Commercial Delivery Trucks: Diesel, Plug-In Electric, and Battery-Swap Electric
Life Cycle Assessment of Commercial Delivery Trucks: Diesel, Plug-In Electric, and Battery-Swap Electric
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DOI：
10.3390/su10124547
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发表时间：
2018-12
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Lei Yang;Caixia Hao;Yina Chai
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lei Yang;Caixia Hao;Yina Chai
近年来，电动货车的发展备受关注。本研究旨在评估轻型和中型柴油卡车（DT）、插电式电动卡车（EV）和电池交换卡车的温室气体（GHG）排放量和总拥有成本（TCO）。采用了简化的生命周期评价（LCA）方法和TCO评价方法。计算结果表明，轻型柴油机的平均温室气体排放量比轻型柴油机低69%，而中型柴油机的平均温室气体排放量比中型柴油机高9.8%。在总拥有成本方面，插电式电单车及换电池式电单车的总拥有成本分别较轻型电单车低37. 8%及高21%，而中型货车的总拥有成本则分别较中型电单车低6. 7%及高18. 9%。本文的主要结论是，轻型插入式换热器在节约成本和减少温室气体排放方面表现最好。此外，当使用频率较高或驾驶环境较拥挤时，驾驶员自动驾驶显示出比驾驶员自动驾驶更大的优势。
The development of electric delivery trucks has attracted much attention in recent years. The purpose of this study is to assess the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and the total cost of ownership (TCO) of light-duty and medium-duty diesel trucks (DTs), plug-in electric trucks (ETs), and battery-swap ETs. A simplified life cycle assessment (LCA) method and a TCO assessment method are used. Numerical results show that the average GHG emission of light-duty ETs is 69% lower than that of light-duty DTs, while that of medium-duty ETs is 9.8% higher than that of medium-duty DTs. As regards TCO, those of plug-in ETs and battery-swap ETs are 37.8% lower and 21% higher than that of light-duty DTs, while for medium-duty trucks, the TCO of plug-in and battery-swap ETs are 6.7% lower and 18.9% higher than that of medium-duty DTs. The main conclusion of this paper is that light-duty plug-in ETs exhibit the best performance in terms of cost saving and GHG emission reduction. Moreover, ETs show more advantages than DTs when the frequency of use is higher or when the driving environment is more congested.