HIV-1 enhances mTORC1 activity and repositions lysosomes to the periphery by co-opting Rag GTPases.

HIV-1 enhances mTORC1 activity and repositions lysosomes to the periphery by co-opting Rag GTPases.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41598-017-05410-0
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发表时间:
2017-07-14
期刊:
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Mouland AJ
Mouland AJ
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Cinti A;Le Sage V;Milev MP;Valiente-Echeverría F;Crossie C;Miron MJ;Panté N;Olivier M;Mouland AJ

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HIV-1 共同选择多种宿主机制来为病毒复制和传播创造一个宽松的环境。在这项工作中,我们揭示了 HIV-1 如何影响宿主翻译和细胞内囊泡运输机制以进行蛋白质合成,并阻碍应激条件下的生理晚期内体/溶酶体 (LEL) 运输。首先,HIV-1 增强了蛋白质合成主调节因子、哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶点 (mTOR) 的活性。其次,该病毒控制 mTOR 相关的晚期内体/溶酶体 (LEL) 运输,并抵消代谢和环境应激诱导的 LEL 细胞内重新定位。然后我们表明,小 Rag GTP 酶 RagA 和 RagB 是 HIV-1 介导的 LEL 重新定位所必需的,这可能是由 Rags 与病毒蛋白 Gag 和 Vif 之间的相互作用介导的。 siRNA 介导的 RagA 和 RagB 耗竭导致 mTOR 与 LEL 关联的丧失,并阻断病毒颗粒在质膜上的组装和释放,同时病毒产量显着减少。这些结果表明,HIV-1 采用了调节 LEL 运动和定位的基本机制,并支持 LEL 定位对于 HIV-1 复制至关重要的观点。
HIV-1 co-opts several host machinery to generate a permissive environment for viral replication and transmission. In this work we reveal how HIV-1 impacts the host translation and intracellular vesicular trafficking machineries for protein synthesis and to impede the physiological late endosome/lysosome (LEL) trafficking in stressful conditions. First, HIV-1 enhances the activity of the master regulator of protein synthesis, the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Second, the virus commandeers mTOR-associated late endosome/lysosome (LEL) trafficking and counteracts metabolic and environmental stress-induced intracellular repositioning of LEL. We then show that the small Rag GTPases, RagA and RagB, are required for the HIV-1-mediated LEL repositioning that is likely mediated by interactions between the Rags and the viral proteins, Gag and Vif. siRNA-mediated depletion of RagA and RagB leads to a loss in mTOR association to LEL and to a blockade of viral particle assembly and release at the plasma membrane with a marked concomitant reduction in virus production. These results show that HIV-1 co-opts fundamental mechanisms that regulate LEL motility and positioning and support the notion that LEL positioning is critical for HIV-1 replication.
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