Thinking and Drinking: Alcohol-Related Cognitions Across Stages of Adolescent Alcohol Involvement
Thinking and Drinking: Alcohol-Related Cognitions Across Stages of Adolescent Alcohol Involvement
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DOI：
10.1037/a0023302
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发表时间：
2011-09-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Brown, Sandra A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bekman, Nicole M.;Anderson, Kristen G.;Brown, Sandra A.
与酒精相关的认知，特别是对饮酒和不饮酒的期望以及不饮酒的动机，涉及到酒精使用的开始、维持和停止，并被假设在青少年决策中发挥关键作用。这项研究探索了(A)饮酒预期、不饮酒预期和不饮酒动机之间的关系；(B)这些认知在假设的青少年饮酒发展阶段中的作用；以及(C)这些认知与横断面样本中最近或预期的饮酒行为变化之间的关系。对1648名高中生进行了酒精使用行为和态度的调查。与饮酒较少或不饮酒的人相比，饮酒较多的人报告了更积极的饮酒预期，不饮酒的动机更少；然而，不饮酒的预期只在不饮酒和很少饮酒的人以及随后的所有饮酒类别之间存在差异。饮酒预期、不饮酒预期和不饮酒动机将最近开始饮酒的学生与没有饮酒的学生区分开来，而不饮酒预期和不饮酒动机则将最近努力减少/停止饮酒的学生与没有饮酒的学生区分开来。在接下来的一个月里开始或减少饮酒的意图也与这些与酒精有关的认知有关。饮酒和不饮酒的预期和不饮酒的动机可能在青春期改变饮酒行为的决定中发挥关键作用。未来探索酒精相关认知变化和行为决策之间的时间关系将有助于完善有效的预防和干预策略。
Alcohol-related cognitions, particularly expectancies for drinking and nondrinking and motives for nondrinking, are involved in the initiation, maintenance, and cessation of alcohol use and are hypothesized to play key roles in adolescent decision making. This study explored (a) the relationships between alcohol use expectancies, nondrinking expectancies, and nondrinking motives; (b) the roles of these cognitions across hypothesized developmental stages of adolescent alcohol use; and (c) the relationships between these cognitions and recent or intended future changes in drinking behavior in a cross-sectional sample. Surveys assessing alcohol use behaviors and attitudes were administered to 1,648 high school students. Heavier drinkers reported more positive alcohol use expectancies and fewer nondrinking motives than did lighter drinkers or nondrinkers; however, nondrinking expectancies only differed between nondrinkers and rare drinkers and all subsequent drinking classes. Alcohol use expectancies, nondrinking expectancies, and nondrinking motives differentiated students who recently initiated alcohol from those who had not, while nondrinking expectancies and nondrinking motives differentiated binge-drinking students who had made recent efforts to reduce/stop their drinking from those who had not. Intentions to initiate or reduce drinking in the coming month were also associated with these alcohol-related cognitions. Drinking and nondrinking expectancies and motives for not drinking may play critical roles in decisions to alter alcohol-use behavior during adolescence. Future exploration of temporal relationships between changes in alcohol-related cognitions and behavioral decision making will be useful in the refinement of effective prevention and intervention strategies.