Racial Integration as an Innovation: Empirical Evidence from Sports Leagues
Racial Integration as an Innovation: Empirical Evidence from Sports Leagues
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种族融合作为一种创新：来自体育联盟的经验证据
DOI：
10.1257/000282802760015586
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发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Tollison
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
B. Goff;R. McCormick;R. Tollison
本文将种族融合视为经济过程中的一项创新，其中经济实体发现利用以前由于法律、习俗或管理自由裁量权而无法获得的潜在的更具生产力的投入是有利的。美国职业棒球大联盟和大西洋海岸联盟篮球种族融合的数据被用来解决这个问题。研究的核心问题是哪种类型的团队首先整合——失败者还是胜利者？结果有力地支持了创业精神胜过竞争的观点；也就是说，获胜的球队引领了种族融合的进程。
This paper treats racial integration as an innovation in economic process in which economic entities find it advantageous to utilize potentially more productive inputs previously unavailable due to law, custom, or managerial discretion. Data on the racial integration of Major League Baseball and Atlantic Coast Conference basketball are employed to address this issue. The central question examined is which type of team integrated first—losers or winners? The results strongly support the idea that entrepreneurship trumps competitive rivalry; that is, winning teams led the process of racial integration.