Personality traits in rats predict vulnerability and resilience to developing stress-induced depression-like behaviors, HPA axis hyper-reactivity and brain changes in pERK1/2 activity
Personality traits in rats predict vulnerability and resilience to developing stress-induced depression-like behaviors, HPA axis hyper-reactivity and brain changes in pERK1/2 activity
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DOI：
10.1016/j.psyneuen.2011.12.014
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发表时间：
2012-08-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Sandi, Carmen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Castro, Jorge E.;Diessler, Shanaz;Sandi, Carmen
新出现的证据表明，某些行为特征，如焦虑，与暴露于慢性压力后抑郁样行为的发展有关。然而，单一性状不能解释远交种群中观察到的易受压力的广泛变异。我们假设，行为特征的组合可能会提供一个更好的表征个人的脆弱性，长期的压力。在这里，我们试图确定大鼠相关行为特征的表征是否有助于识别具有不同脆弱性的个体，以发展压力诱导的抑郁样行为改变。我们还研究了行为特征是否与下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴和脑活动的变化有关-通过细胞外信号调节激酶1/2（ERK 1/2）的磷酸化来测量-在亚慢性（2周）或慢性（4周）不可预测的应激（CUS）后对急性应激源的反应。Sprague-Dawley大鼠的特点是使用电池的行为任务，并确定了三个主要特征：焦虑，探索和活动。当结合在一起时，前两个特征被发现可以解释压力反应的变化。我们的研究结果证实，高度焦虑的动物出现某些抑郁样行为的风险增加（例如，在强迫游泳试验中增加漂浮时间）。相比之下，基于低焦虑和低探索相结合的行为特征对与社会行为相关的改变具有抵抗力，而高焦虑和低探索特征在亚慢性应激暴露后显示出特别脆弱的生理和神经生物学反应模式。我们的研究结果表明，动物的脆弱性和/或弹性的影响，反复的压力，特别是在初始或中间水平的压力暴露的重要差异，他们强调，动物的行为抑制配置文件提供了一个特定的易感性，以有害的方式响应压力。(C)2011爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Emerging evidence indicates that certain behavioral traits, such as anxiety, are associated with the development of depression-like behaviors after exposure to chronic stress. However, single traits do not explain the wide variability in vulnerability to stress observed in outbred populations. We hypothesized that a combination of behavioral traits might provide a better characterization of an individual's vulnerability to prolonged stress. Here, we sought to determine whether the characterization of relevant behavioral traits in rats could aid in identifying individuals with different vulnerabilities to developing stress-induced depression-like behavioral alterations. We also investigated whether behavioral traits would be related to the development of alterations in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and in brain activity - as measured through phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) - in response to an acute stressor following either sub-chronic (2 weeks) or chronic (4 weeks) unpredictable stress (CUS). Sprague-Dawley rats were characterized using a battery of behavioral tasks, and three principal traits were identified: anxiety, exploration and activity. When combined, the first two traits were found to explain the variability in the stress responses. Our findings confirm the increased risk of animals with high anxiety developing certain depression-like behaviors (e.g., increased floating time in the forced swim test) when progressively exposed to stress. In contrast, the behavioral profile based on combined low anxiety and low exploration was resistant to alterations related to social behaviors, while the high anxiety and low exploration profile displayed a particularly vulnerable pattern of physiological and neurobiological responses after sub-chronic stress exposure. Our findings indicate important differences in animals' vulnerability and/or resilience to the effects of repeated stress, particularly during initial or intermediate levels of stress exposure, and they highlight that the behavioral inhibition profile of an animal provides a particular susceptibility to responding in a deleterious manner to stress. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.