Comparing ageing and the effects of diet supplementation in wild vs. captive antler flies, Protopiophila litigata
Comparing ageing and the effects of diet supplementation in wild vs. captive antler flies, Protopiophila litigata
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/1365-2656.13079
复制
发表时间：
2019-08-26
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Rundle, Howard D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mautz, Brian S.;Rode, Nicolas O.;Rundle, Howard D.
很少有研究同时在实验室和自然环境中比较基因相似的人群的衰老情况。这种比较对于解释实验室研究很重要，因为饮食等因素可能以依赖环境的方式影响衰老。2012年和2013年，我们使用天然鹿角蝇种群（Protopiophila litigata）进行了单独的因子实验，比较了实验室笼子与自然野外环境中特定年龄的雄性存活率和交配成功率，同时在它们的饮食中添加蛋白质或糖。我们发现，与野外相比，实验室的存活率和交配率都有持续而显著的提高，但值得注意的是，尽管存在这些巨大差异，但2012年实验室的精算老化率仅高于野外，2013年两种环境的精算老化率相似。在这两年中，不同环境在生殖老龄化方面没有差异。我们发现，饲喂蛋白质的雄性死亡率高于饲喂糖的雄性（分别为2012年和2013年的强支持和低支持）。相比之下，在两个实验中，饮食对平均交配率、精算老化或生殖老化都没有强烈的影响。我们的结果提供了第一个证据，证明在许多实验室研究中报道的蛋白质对寿命的负面影响也可能发生在野生种群中，尽管可能不那么一致。他们还强调了实验室环境如何影响生活史特征，并建议在从实验室推断到现场时要谨慎。
Few studies have simultaneously compared ageing within genetically similar populations in both laboratory and natural environments. Such comparisons are important for interpreting laboratory studies, because factors such as diet could affect ageing in environment-dependent ways. Using a natural population of antler flies (Protopiophila litigata), we conducted separate factorial experiments in 2012 and 2013 that compared age-specific male survival and mating success in laboratory cages versus a natural field environment while supplementing their diets with protein or sugar. We found consistent and substantial increases in both survival and mating rates in the laboratory compared to the field, but remarkably, despite these large differences actuarial ageing was only higher in the laboratory than in the field in 2012 and similar in the two environments in 2013. In both years, there was no difference between environments in reproductive ageing. We found that males fed protein had a higher mortality rate than males fed sugar (strong and low support in 2012 and 2013, respectively). In contrast, diet did not strongly impact average mating rates, actuarial ageing or reproductive ageing in either experiment. Our results provide the first evidence that the negative effect of protein on life span reported in many laboratory studies can also occur in wild populations, although perhaps less consistently. They also highlight how laboratory environments can influence life-history traits and suggest caution when extrapolating from the laboratory to the field.