Context Effects on Facial Affect Recognition in Schizophrenia and Autism: Behavioral and Eye-Tracking Evidence
Context Effects on Facial Affect Recognition in Schizophrenia and Autism: Behavioral and Eye-Tracking Evidence
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DOI：
10.1093/schbul/sbv176
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发表时间：
2016-05-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Simpson, Claire
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sasson, Noah J.;Pinkham, Amy E.;Simpson, Claire
虽然精神分裂症（SCZ）和自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）在情感识别方面有共同的障碍，但这些障碍的机制可能不同。本研究采用新颖的“情境中的情绪”任务，探讨了在SCZ和ASD中，一致和不一致的情绪情境是如何调节面部情感的解释和视觉检查的。当面孔被整合到更广泛的情感场景中时，SCZ（n = 44）和ASD（n = 21）的成年人都表现出相对于典型发展（TD）对照组（n = 39）的情感识别减少，但当它们被单独呈现时，则没有，这强调了使用更好地近似真实世界背景的刺激的重要性。此外，在一致的情感场景中观察面孔，控制组的准确性和对面孔的视觉注意力比临床组更高，这表明SCZ和ASD患者可能不会像控制组那样容易从互补的情感信息中受益。尽管有这些相似之处，SCZ和ASD之间的重要区别被发现，在每种情况下，SCZ组的智商与情感识别准确性有关，但ASD或TD组则无关。此外，只有ASD组未能增加他们的视觉注意力，面对不一致的情感场景，这表明在模糊的情感背景下，相对于一致的面部信息的依赖性较低。总的来说，这些发现强调了SCZ和ASD中共同和不同的社会认知过程，这可能导致了他们特有的社会障碍。
Although Schizophrenia (SCZ) and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) share impairments in emotion recognition, the mechanisms underlying these impairments may differ. The current study used the novel "Emotions in Context" task to examine how the interpretation and visual inspection of facial affect is modulated by congruent and incongruent emotional contexts in SCZ and ASD. Both adults with SCZ (n = 44) and those with ASD (n = 21) exhibited reduced affect recognition relative to typically-developing (TD) controls (n = 39) when faces were integrated within broader emotional scenes but not when they were presented in isolation, underscoring the importance of using stimuli that better approximate real-world contexts. Additionally, viewing faces within congruent emotional scenes improved accuracy and visual attention to the face for controls more so than the clinical groups, suggesting that individuals with SCZ and ASD may not benefit from the presence of complementary emotional information as readily as controls. Despite these similarities, important distinctions between SCZ and ASD were found. In every condition, IQ was related to emotion-recognition accuracy for the SCZ group but not for the ASD or TD groups. Further, only the ASD group failed to increase their visual attention to faces in incongruent emotional scenes, suggesting a lower reliance on facial information within ambiguous emotional contexts relative to congruent ones. Collectively, these findings highlight both shared and distinct social cognitive processes in SCZ and ASD that may contribute to their characteristic social disabilities.