Post-translational modification of factors involved in homologous recombination
Post-translational modification of factors involved in homologous recombination
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DOI：
10.1016/j.dnarep.2021.103114
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发表时间：
2021-06-07
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Tsubouchi, Hideo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Argunhan, Bilge;Iwasaki, Hiroshi;Tsubouchi, Hideo
DNA是储存生命所必需的化学指令的分子，因此它的稳定性至关重要。尽管如此，DNA还是以惊人的频率受到外源性和内源性因素的破坏。最严重的DNA损伤类型是双链断裂（DSB），在这种情况下，双螺旋的两条链都发生断裂，有效地将一条正常染色体分成两条病理染色体。同源重组（Homologous recombination， HR）是一种通用的DSB修复机制，它通过识别基因组中与DSB位点具有高序列相似性的另一个区域并将其作为修复模板来解决这一问题。Rad51具有对这种修复至关重要的酶活性，但Rad51需要几个辅助因子来完成其功能。越来越清楚的是，许多HR因子都受到翻译后修饰的影响。在这里，我们回顾了这些变化是如何影响人力资源的。我们首先关注有实验证据支持修改函数的情况，然后讨论可以推断函数的推测性情况。最后，我们思考为什么这种修改可能是必要的。
DNA is the molecule that stores the chemical instructions necessary for life and its stability is therefore of the utmost importance. Despite this, DNA is damaged by both exogenous and endogenous factors at an alarming frequency. The most severe type of DNA damage is a double-strand break (DSB), in which a scission occurs in both strands of the double helix, effectively dividing a single normal chromosome into two pathological chromosomes. Homologous recombination (HR) is a universal DSB repair mechanism that solves this problem by identifying another region of the genome that shares high sequence similarity with the DSB site and using it as a template for repair. Rad51 possess the enzymatic activity that is essential for this repair but several auxiliary factors are required for Rad51 to fulfil its function. It is becoming increasingly clear that many HR factors are subjected to post-translational modification. Here, we review what is known about how these modifications affect HR. We first focus on cases where there is experimental evidence to support a function for the modification, then discuss speculative cases where a function can be inferred. Finally, we contemplate why such modifications might be necessary.