KEEPING TRACK OF NEEDS IN COMMUNAL AND EXCHANGE RELATIONSHIPS
KEEPING TRACK OF NEEDS IN COMMUNAL AND EXCHANGE RELATIONSHIPS
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DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.51.2.333
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发表时间：
1986-08-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
MILLS, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
CLARK, MS;POWELL, MC;MILLS, J
在两个实验中，研究了在社区和交换关系中跟踪需求的问题。在这两种情况下，受试者都可以查看另一个人是否需要帮助。第一个实验测试了以下假设：（a）当对方没有机会以实物回报时，如果一个人希望与另一个人建立一种共同的关系，而不是希望与另一个人建立一种交换关系，那么跟踪对方的需求就会更大。(b)如果一个人希望与另一个人建立一种交换关系，那么当另一个人有机会以同样的方式回报时，跟踪另一个人的需求将比没有机会时更重要。(c)如果希望建立一种共同关系，另一方有机会以同样的方式回报，这不会影响跟踪另一方的需要。第一个实验的结果支持所有三个假设。第二个实验测试并找到了支持这一假设的证据，即即使在无法帮助对方的情况下，如果希望与对方建立共同关系，那么跟踪对方的需求将比希望建立交换关系更重要。
Keeping track of needs in communal and exchange relationships was investigated in two experiments. In both, subjects could check to see if another person needed help. The first experiment tested the hypotheses that (a) When there is no opportunity for the other to reciprocate in kind, keeping track of the other's needs will be greater if the person desires a communal relationship with the other than if the person desires an exchange relationship with the other.(b) If the person desires an exchange relationship with the other, keeping track of the other's needs will be greater when an opportunity for the other to reciprocate in kind exists than when it does not.(c) If a communal relationship is desired, the existence of an opportunity for the other to reciprocate in kind will not influence keeping track of the other's needs. The results of the first experiment supported all three hypotheses. The second experiment tested and found support for the hypothesis that even when nothing can be done to help the other, keeping track of the other's needs will be greater if a communal relationship is desired with the other than if an exchange relationship is desired.