The vascular anatomy of the lower anterior abdominal wall: A microdissection study on the deep inferior epigastric vessels and the perforator branches
The vascular anatomy of the lower anterior abdominal wall: A microdissection study on the deep inferior epigastric vessels and the perforator branches
复制标题
DOI：
10.1097/00006534-200202000-00020
复制
发表时间：
2002-02-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Milner, RH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
El-Mrakby, HH;Milner, RH
腹壁下深动脉是下腹壁的主要供血动脉。对20具尸体的动脉及其主要分支和穿支血管进行了显微解剖。在大多数情况下（90%），发现动脉与两条静脉相连。腹壁下深动脉的外侧分支及其发出的穿支血管占优势（80%），而内侧穿支占优势（20%）。外侧穿支的数量（80支）比内侧分支（28支）更多，且更一致。肌皮穿支是腹前壁最重要的穿支。每例病例平均解剖了5.4根大穿支（直径>0.5 mm）。这些穿支多位于脐下外侧，距脐平均4cm。肌皮穿支可直接或间接走行。发现较大的穿支血管（直径>0.5 mm）可直接穿过皮下脂肪到达皮肤。较小的穿支不到达皮肤，但在穿透腹直肌鞘后分支终止于深层脂肪层水平。直接穿支血管及其相关静脉（显微解剖）在真皮下水平分开之前保持一致的直径，并最终形成真皮下血管丛。
The deep inferior epigastric artery provides the main blood supply to the lower abdominal wall. Microdissection of the artery, its main branches, and the perforator vessels was undertaken in 20 cadavers. The artery was found to be associated with two veins in most of the cases (90 percent). The lateral division of the deep inferior epigastric artery and the perforator vessels it gives are more dominant (80 percent of cases) than the medial perforators (20 percent of cases). The lateral perforators were greater in number (80) and more consistent than those that arose from the medial division (28). The musculocutaneous perforators are the most important perforators supplying the anterior abdominal wall. An average of 5.4 large perforators (>0.5 mm in diameter) were dissected in each case. These perforators are mostly contained in the area lying laterally and below the umbilicus, with an average distance of 4 cm from the umbilicus. The musculocutaneous perforators may have a direct or indirect course. Larger perforators (>0.5 mm in diameter) were found to have a direct course through the subcutaneous fat to the skin. Smaller perforators do not reach the skin but terminate at the level of the deep fat layer by branching after piercing the rectus sheath. The direct perforator vessels with their associated veins (microdissection) keep a consistent diameter before dividing at the subdermal level and end by contributing to the subdermal plexus.