Neurohormonal regulation of the sympathetic nervous system: New insights into central mechanisms of action
Neurohormonal regulation of the sympathetic nervous system: New insights into central mechanisms of action
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DOI：
10.1007/s11906-008-0044-8
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发表时间：
2008-06-01
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Wyss, J. Michael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carlson, Scott H.;Wyss, J. Michael
为了调节血压，大脑控制循环激素，这些激素通过与位于血脑屏障外的脑神经元结合来影响大脑。最近的研究表明，"心血管"激素是在大脑中合成和释放的神经递质/神经调质，在某些情况下，可以通过血脑屏障发出信号。肾素-血管紧张素系统是这些新认识的机制的原型。脑内的内源性肾素-血管紧张素系统在血压控制中起着重要作用。脑神经元中的血管紧张素11通过激活血管紧张素受体以及通过产生一氧化氮和活性氧分子来影响其他神经元。类似地，血管中的血管紧张素激活内皮一氧化氮，其可以扩散穿过血脑屏障，从而改变心血管控制核中的神经元活性。这些机制对血压控制的相对重要性仍有待充分阐明。
To regulate blood pressure, the brain controls circulating hormones, which influence the brain by binding to brain neurons that lie outside the blood-brain barrier. Recent work has demonstrated that "cardiovascular" hormones are synthesized and released in the brain as neurotransmitters/neuromodulators and can, in some cases, signal through the blood-brain barrier. The renin-angiotensin system is a prototype for these newly appreciated mechanisms. The brain's intrinsic renin-angiotensin system plays an important role in blood pressure control. Angiotensin 11 in brain neurons affects other neurons both through activation of angiotensin receptors and via generation of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen molecules. Similarly, angiotensin in blood vessels activates endothelial nitric oxide, which can diffuse across the blood-brain barrier and thereby alter neuronal activity in cardiovascular control nuclei. The relative importance of these mechanisms to blood pressure control remains to be fully elucidated.