BONE-MINERAL DENSITY IN FEMALE ATHLETES REPRESENTING SPORTS WITH DIFFERENT LOADING CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SKELETON
BONE-MINERAL DENSITY IN FEMALE ATHLETES REPRESENTING SPORTS WITH DIFFERENT LOADING CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SKELETON
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DOI：
10.1016/8756-3282(95)00151-3
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发表时间：
1995-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
VUORI, I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
HEINONEN, A;OJA, P;VUORI, I
为了解决这一假设，即成骨作用的物理负荷增加的应变率和峰值力，我们研究了59竞争芬兰女运动员（代表三种运动与不同的骨骼负荷特性），体力活动的参考（他们报告了平均每周五种不同类型的运动会），久坐不动的参考（每周两届）使用双能X射线吸收测定法。测量的解剖部位位于腰椎、股骨颈、股骨远端、髌骨、胫骨近端、跟骨和桡骨远端。运动员组包括有氧舞蹈员（N = 27）、壁球运动员（N = 18）和速滑运动员（N = 14）。壁球运动员在腰椎（与久坐的参考组相比，13.8%，p < 0.001）、股骨颈（16.8%，p <0.001）、胫骨近端（12.6%，p <0.001）和跟骨（18.5%，p < 0.001）的体重调整骨密度（BMD）值最高。有氧舞蹈演员和速度滑冰运动员也有显着较高的BMD值在负载的网站比久坐不动的参考组，差异范围从5.3%到13.5%。在任何部位，体力活动参照物的BMD值与久坐参照物的BMD值均无差异。研究结果支持了这样一种观点，即训练，包括在多功能运动中的高应变率和高峰力，比大量低力重复训练更有效地促进骨形成。
To address the hypothesis that osteogenic effect of physical loading increases with increasing strain rates and peak forces, we examined 59 competitive Finnish female athletes (representing three sports with different skeletal loading characteristics), physically active referents (they reported an average of five various types of exercise sessions per week), and sedentary referents (two sessions per week) using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. The measured anatomic sites were at the lumbar spine, femoral neck, distal femur, patella, proximal tibia, calcaneus, and distal radius. The athlete group consisted of aerobic dancers (N = 27), squash players (N = 18), and speed skaters (N = 14). The squash players had the highest values for weight-adjusted bone mineral density (BMD) at the lumbar spine (13.8% p < 0.001 as compared with the sedentary reference group), femoral neck (16.8%, p < 0.001), proximal tibia (12.6%, p < 0.001) and calcaneus (18.5%, p < 0.001). Aerobic dancers and speed skaters also had significantly higher BMD values at the loaded sites than the sedentary reference group, the difference ranging from 5.3% to 13.5%. The physically active referents' BMD values did not differ from those of the sedentary referents at any site. The results support the concept that training, including high strain rates in versatile movements and high peak forces, is more effective in bone formation than training with a large number of low-force repetitions.