Theory of isolated magnetic skyrmions: From fundamentals to room temperature applications.

Theory of isolated magnetic skyrmions: From fundamentals to room temperature applications.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41598-018-22242-8
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发表时间:
2018-03-13
期刊:
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Beach GSD
Beach GSD
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Büttner F;Lemesh I;Beach GSD

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磁性粒子是一种拓扑准粒子,由于其体积小,稳定性高,易于通过电流操作,因此对数据存储应用非常感兴趣。然而,尽管存在一些极限情况下的模型,但没有能够准确描述所有天空的结构和能量学的通用理论。主要的障碍是非局部杂散场相互作用的复杂性,这些相互作用通常通过粗略的近似包含。在这里,我们提出了一个精确的分析框架来处理任何材料中的孤立天幕,假设只有一个圆对称的360°畴壁剖面和一个均匀的面外磁化剖面。我们建立了第一个严格的标准来区分杂散场和DMI天空,解决了社区中的一个主要争议。我们发现了新的相,比如双稳定相,这是迄今为止在磁学中未知的现象。我们预测了适合应用的低于10 nm零场室温稳定天空的材料。最后,我们推导了描述电流驱动动力学的解析方程,找到了拓扑阻尼,并展示了如何设计材料,其中紧凑的skyrmins可以以1000 m/s的速度驱动。
Magnetic skyrmions are topological quasiparticles of great interest for data storage applications because of their small size, high stability, and ease of manipulation via electric current. However, although models exist for some limiting cases, there is no universal theory capable of accurately describing the structure and energetics of all skyrmions. The main barrier is the complexity of non-local stray field interactions, which are usually included through crude approximations. Here we present an accurate analytical framework to treat isolated skyrmions in any material, assuming only a circularly-symmetric 360° domain wall profile and a homogeneous magnetization profile in the out-of-plane direction. We establish the first rigorous criteria to distinguish stray field from DMI skyrmions, resolving a major dispute in the community. We discover new phases, such as bi-stability, a phenomenon unknown in magnetism so far. We predict materials for sub-10 nm zero field room temperature stable skyrmions suitable for applications. Finally, we derive analytical equations to describe current-driven dynamics, find a topological damping, and show how to engineer materials in which compact skyrmions can be driven at velocities >1000 m/s.
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