Motility and size of rotifers as risk factors for being consumed by the passive protistan predator Actinosphaerium sp.
Motility and size of rotifers as risk factors for being consumed by the passive protistan predator Actinosphaerium sp.
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DOI：
10.1007/s10750-023-05260-0
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发表时间：
2023-06-07
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Walsh，Elizabeth J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sanchez-Avila，Alejandra Sofia;Wallace，Robert L.;Walsh，Elizabeth J.
捕食是组成轮虫群落的一个众所周知的因素。然而，原生生物作为捕食者的作用研究相对较少。本文研究了磷虾的捕食行为。是一种淡水日生动物，以七种轮虫为食。捕食者和猎物是从当地的playa收集的；除了萼花臂尾轮虫，它是单纯的猎物控制动物。猎物包括大型物种（平均长度≥175µm）：三叶飞虱（Asplanchna sieboldii）；花萼花、四角Platyias quadricornis和花带花（lacinularia flosculosa）和小种（< 175µm: cephalalodella gibba、Euchlanis dilatata和lepadella patella）。进行了四项实验。(1)单个猎物，大小和运动各异。体型较大的猎物被吞食的可能性是体型较小的猎物的1.7到3.0倍。NoL。与现场观察相反，摄入了氟氯氟。游泳速度和被捕食风险之间没有相关性。(2)偏好测试。Asplanchna sieboldiiandB。花萼花是最受欢迎的猎物。(3)添加和不添加天竺葵的混合饲料中磷磷的生长率。在a的存在下，磷灰石的种群增长率最高。sieboldii。(4)猎物防御。有棘与无棘的易感性。花萼对捕食风险无显著影响。因此，大小和流动性（与敏感性相比）是影响轮虫捕食脆弱性的主要危险因素。
Predation is a well-known factor that structures rotifer communities. However, the role of protists as predators is relatively understudied. Here, we investigated predatory behavior ofActinosphaeriumsp., a freshwater heliozoan, on seven rotifer species. Predators and prey were collected from a local playa; except forBrachionus calyciflorusthat served as a naive prey control. Prey included large species (≥ 175 µm mean length:Asplanchna sieboldii,B. calyciflorus,Platyias quadricornis,andLacinularia flosculosa) and small species (< 175 µm:Cephalodella gibba, Euchlanis dilatata,andLepadella patella). Four experiments were conducted. (1) Single prey items of varying size and motility. Larger prey types were ~ 1.7 to 3.0 times more likely to be ingested than small prey. NoL. flosculosawere ingested, contrary to field observations. No correlation was found between swimming speed and predation risk. (2) Preference tests.Asplanchna sieboldiiandB. calycifloruswere favored prey. (3) Growth rate ofActinosphaeriumon mixed diets, with and withoutAsplanchna. Highest population growth ofActinosphaeriumwas observed in presence ofA. sieboldii. (4) Prey defenses. Susceptibility of spined versus unspinedB. calyciflorusresulted in no significant difference in predation risk. Thus, size and being mobile (compared to sessility) are the primary risk factors influencing rotifer predation vulnerability.