Evacuation dynamics considering pedestrians' movement behavior change with fire and smoke spreading
Evacuation dynamics considering pedestrians' movement behavior change with fire and smoke spreading
复制标题
考虑行人运动行为随火灾和烟雾蔓延而变化的疏散动态
DOI：
10.1016/j.ssci.2016.10.009
复制
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Jiang Rui
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zheng Ying;Jia Bin;Li Xin-Gang;Jiang Rui
本文提出了一种扩展的地板场模型来研究火灾和烟气蔓延对行人疏散动力学的影响。烟雾的蔓延是从上到下的，这使得行人的活动空间越来越小。因此，行人的运动行为分为三个阶段：正常步行，跨越步行，爬行。在新模型中，火灾和烟雾对行人运动的影响分别由火灾楼层场和烟雾楼层场来模拟。对火灾和烟气作用下的人员疏散动力学进行了数值模拟研究。详细分析了人员密度、火灾位置、出口宽度、火灾蔓延速度和烟气蔓延速度对疏散效率的影响。仿真结果表明，室内火灾发生的位置、火灾和烟气的蔓延速度与行人疏散动力学密切相关。研究结果对建筑结构设计和应急疏散策略的制定具有一定的指导意义。
This paper proposes an extended Floor-Field (FF) model to study the pedestrian evacuation dynamics with the influence of the fire and the smoke spreading. The spreading of smoke is from top to bottom, which leaves less and less room for the movement of pedestrians. And thus, the movement behavior of pedestrians is divided into three stages: normal walk, bent-over walk, and crawl. In the new model, the influence of the fire and the smoke on the movement of pedestrians is modeled by the fire floor field and the smoke floor field respectively. Numerical simulations are carried out to study the evacuation dynamics under fire and smoke. The influences of personnel density, fire location, exit width, fire spreading rate, and smoke spreading rate, on the evacuation efficiency are analyzed in detail. The simulation results show that the pedestrian evacuation dynamics is highly related to fire location in the room and the spreading rates of the fire and the smoke. Those results can bring some guidance to design the building structure and make the evacuation strategy in emergency situation.