Evaluation of neurotoxic potential by use of in vitro systems.
Evaluation of neurotoxic potential by use of in vitro systems.
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DOI：
10.1517/17425255.1.4.701
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发表时间：
2005-12-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Tiffany-Castiglioni, Evelyn
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Harry, Gaylia Jean;Tiffany-Castiglioni, Evelyn
体外系统已被提出，但尚未证明，作为一种方法，以评估化合物的神经毒性，在一个有效和快速的方式。尽管这样的测试对于药物和环境试剂都是期望的，但是基于神经系统功能障碍的已知过程的这样的组合尚未被开发。在这篇综述文章中，与体外方法相关的特点和潜在的局限性进行了讨论。许多这些功能已被确定从一个更大的身体的工作，检查环境代理人的神经毒性和机制的潜在活动的已知神经毒物。这些问题包括相关的药物浓度，限制或改变药物对神经系统的可及性的因素，以及需要检测来反映有生物学意义的终点。本文简要介绍了目前可用于毒性测试的生物学复杂性不断增加的体外系统，从单细胞类型到保留组织结构和功能的某些方面的系统。少量的研究，以评估药物的细胞毒性和生物反应在体外呈现为代表的领域的当前状态，并提供了一个参考和方向的方法，以评估化合物的神经毒性的潜力。
In vitro systems have been proposed, but not yet demonstrated, as a method to assess the neurotoxicity of compounds in an efficient and rapid manner. Although such tests are desired both for pharmaceuticals and environmental agents, such a battery has yet to be developed that is based on known processes of nervous system dysfunction. In this review article, characteristics and potential limitations associated with in vitro methods are discussed. Many of these features have been identified from a larger body of work examining the neurotoxicity of environmental agents and the mechanisms underlying activity of known neurotoxicants. These issues include relevant drug concentrations, factors that limit or alter drug accessibility to the nervous system, and the need for assays to reflect biologically meaningful end points. This commentary briefly surveys in vitro systems of increasing biological complexity currently available for toxicity testing, from single cell types to systems that preserve some aspects of tissue structure and function. A small number of studies to evaluate drugs for cytotoxicity and biological responses in vitro are presented as representative of the current state of the field and to provide a reference and direction for additional development of methods to assess a compound's potential for neurotoxicity.