Trends in prevalence of atopic diseases and allergic sensitization in children in Eastern Germany
Trends in prevalence of atopic diseases and allergic sensitization in children in Eastern Germany
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DOI：
10.1183/09031936.02.00261802
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发表时间：
2002-06-01
影响因子：
24.3
通讯作者：
Wichmann, HE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Heinrich, J;Hoelscher, B;Wichmann, HE
分析了1990年代东德儿童特应性疾病和过敏性致敏的流行趋势。该研究包括1992-1993年、1995-1996年和1999-1999年对7,632名儿童（5-14岁）进行的三个区域横断面调查。通过父母问卷收集有关特应性疾病和潜在预测因素的信息。对桦树，草，螨虫，猫过敏。采用放射变应性吸附试验（RAST）对枝孢子进行评价。在调整了参与者的年龄、性别和研究区域后，花粉热、哮喘和特应性湿疹的患病率在第一次和第三次调查之间有所增加。调整后的过敏致敏率（RAST >0.35 kU）。L-1)呈下降趋势。而强致敏率（RAST）大于或等于17.5 kU。L-1)显著增加，特别是在1989年以后出生的人群中。进一步调整这些特应性疾病的可能决定因素并没有改变趋势估计。特应性疾病发病率明显上升。除花粉热外，还观察到向更强的过敏致敏性转变，这可能影响特应性疾病的临床表现。据报道，生活在前东德和生活在前西德的人口在呼吸道症状、疾病和过敏的流行病学方面存在差异。在东德儿童中，与20世纪90年代初的西德儿童相比，哮喘患病率较低，皮肤点刺试验阳性[1-5]。同样，在东德成年人中，与西德成年人相比，特异性免疫球蛋白（Ig） E水平较低，哮喘、喘息、甲基苯丙胺激发试验阳性、过敏性鼻炎和皮肤针刺试验阳性的患病率较低[6,7]。
Trends in prevalence of atopic diseases and allergic sensitization in children from Eastern Germany during the 1990s were analysed.The study consisted of three regional cross-sectional surveys of a total of 7,632 children (aged 5-14 yrs) in 1992-1993, 1995-1996, and 1999-1999. Information was gathered on atopic diseases and potential predictors by a parental questionnaire. Allergic sensitization for birch, grass, mite, cat. and cladosporium were assessed by radioallergosorbent test (RAST).After adjustment for age, sex and the study area of the participants, prevalence increased between the first and third survey for hay fever, for asthma and for atopic eczema. The adjusted prevalence of allergic sensitization (RAST >0.35 kU.L-1) showed a decrease. whereas the prevalence of strong sensitization (RAST greater than or equal to 17.5 kU.L-1) increased significantly, specifically in cohorts born after 1989. Further adjustment for possible determinants of these atopic diseases did not change the trend estimates.A clear increase in the prevalence of atopic diseases. with the exception of hay fever, was observed as well as a shift towards a stronger allergic sensitization, which might affect the onset of clinical manifestations of atopic diseases.Differences in the epidemiology of respiratory symptoms, illnesses and allergic,, between populations living in the former East Germany and those living in the former West Germany have been reported. Among East German children, lower prevalence rates of asthma, and positive skin-prick tests were observed compared to West German children in the early 1990s [1-5]. Similarly, among East German adults, lower specific immunoglobulin (Ig) E levels and lower prevalence rates of asthma, wheezing, positive methacholine-challenge tests, allergic rhinitis, and positive skin-prick tests, have been reported compared to those of West German adults [6, 7].