Evolution of a neutron-initiated micro big bang in superfluid He 3 - B
Evolution of a neutron-initiated micro big bang in superfluid He 3 - B
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超流体He 3 - B中中子引发的微大爆炸的演化
DOI：
10.1103/physrevb.90.024508
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Bunkov Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bunkov Y
超冷超流体对单个中子的核俘获反应会导致快速过热，随后是膨胀和随后的热区域冷却，这与早期宇宙的大爆炸有一定的相似之处。格勒诺布尔的一个实验表明，核反应过程中释放的能量中有很大一部分即使在几秒钟后也没有转化为热量。人们认为，丢失的能量储存在一团量子化的涡旋线中。然而，这种解释与大体积涡旋缠结的预期寿命相矛盾，-s比观察到的秒级时间延迟短得多。在本文中，我们提出了一种解决矛盾的方案：由热点产生的涡旋缠结发出孤立的涡旋环，这些涡旋环带走了缠结能量的很大一部分。这些环迅速到达容器壁。附着在壁面上的涡环的稀系综可以存活很长时间，而剩余的体涡缠结则迅速衰减。
A nuclear capture reaction of a single neutron by ultracold superfluidresults in a rapid overheating followed by the expansion and subsequent cooling of the hot subregion, in a certain analogy with the big bang of the early universe. It was shown in a Grenoble experiment that a significant part of the energy released during the nuclear reaction was not converted into heat even after several seconds. It was thought that the missing energy was stored in a tangle of quantized vortex lines. This explanation, however, contradicts the expected lifetime of a bulk vortex tangle,–s, which is much shorter than the observed time delay of seconds. In this paper we propose a scenario that resolves the contradiction: the vortex tangle, created by the hot spot, emits isolated vortex loops that take with them a significant part of the tangle's energy. These loops quickly reach the container walls. The dilute ensemble of vortex loops attached to the walls can survive for a long time, while the remaining bulk vortex tangle decays quickly.