Analysis of the quality of protection induced by a porcine influenza A vaccine to challenge with an H3N2 virus
Analysis of the quality of protection induced by a porcine influenza A vaccine to challenge with an H3N2 virus
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DOI：
10.1016/s0165-2427(01)00342-7
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发表时间：
2001-09-28
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Bianchi, ATJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Heinen, PP;van Nieuwstadt, AP;Bianchi, ATJ
在荷兰和比利时，已经证明了猪流感A（H3 N2）病毒从目前商业猪流感疫苗中使用的人A/Port查尔默斯/1/73（H3 N2）毒株中的抗原漂移。因此，必须考虑用较新的猪H3 N2分离株替代这种人类毒株。在本研究中，评估了当前市售猪流感疫苗保护猪抵抗最近荷兰田间毒株（A/Sw/Oedenrode/96）的有效性。为了评价疫苗诱导的保护水平，将其与先前同源感染诱导的最佳保护进行比较。确定发热、病毒排泄和病毒传播至未激发组配偶的发展，以评价保护作用。该疫苗在实验中似乎有效，因为它能够防止发烧和病毒传播给未受攻击的组伙伴。然而，疫苗提供的保护是次优的，因为接种疫苗的猪在攻击后短时间内排出流感病毒，而天然免疫的猪似乎完全受到保护。监测免疫应答，以研究为什么疫苗赋予次优保护。研究了血清中的血凝抑制和病毒中和抗体反应，血清和鼻分泌物中的核蛋白特异性IgM，IgG和伊加抗体反应以及血液中的流感特异性淋巴细胞增殖反应。接种疫苗的猪产生了与感染猪相同或更高的血清血凝抑制、病毒中和和核蛋白特异性IgG抗体滴度，但鼻伊加滴度和淋巴细胞增殖反应较低。较低的粘膜和细胞介导的免疫应答可以解释为什么接种疫苗后的保护是次优的。(C)2001，Elsevier Science B. V.保留所有权利。
Antiglenic drift of swine influenza A (H3N2) viruses away from the human A/Port Chalmers/1/73 (H3N2) strain, used in current commercial swine influenza vaccines, has been demonstrated in The Netherlands and Belgium. Therefore, replacement of this human strain by a more recent swine H3N2 isolate has to be considered. In this study, the efficacy of a current commercial swine influenza vaccine to protect pigs against a recent Dutch field strain (A/Sw/Oedenrode/96) was assessed. To evaluate the level of protection induced by the vaccine it was compared with the optimal protection induced by a previous homologous infection. Development of fever, virus excretion, and viral transmission to unchallenged group mates were determined to evaluate protection. The vaccine appeared efficacious in the experiment because it was able to prevent fever and virus transmission to the unchallenged group mates. Nevertheless, the protection conferred by the vaccine was sub-optimal because vaccinated pigs excreted influenza virus for a short period of time after challenge, whereas naturally immune pigs appeared completely protected. The immune response was monitored, to investigate why the vaccine conferred a sub-optimal protection. The haemagglutination inhibiting and virus neutralising antibody responses in sera, the nucleoprotein-specific IgM, IgG, and IgA antibody responses in sera and nasal secretions and the influenza-specific lymphoproliferation responses in the blood were studied. Vaccinated pigs developed the same or higher ser-um haemagglutination inhibiting, virus neutralising, and nucleoprotein-specific IgG antibody titres as infected pigs but lower nasal IgA titres and lymphoproliferation responses. The lower mucosal and cell-mediated immune responses may explain why protection after vaccination was sub-optimal. (C) 2001, Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.