Adolescent cocaine exposure simplifies orbitofrontal cortical dendritic arbors.

Adolescent cocaine exposure simplifies orbitofrontal cortical dendritic arbors.
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DOI:
10.3389/fphar.2014.00228
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发表时间:
2014
影响因子:
5.6
通讯作者:
Gourley SL
Gourley SL
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
DePoy LM;Perszyk RE;Zimmermann KS;Koleske AJ;Gourley SL

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可卡因和安非他明重塑了离散皮质边缘大脑结构(包括眶额皮质(oPFC))内的树突棘。树突结构是否受到类似的影响,以及预先存在的细胞特征是否影响滥用药物的行为脆弱性,仍不清楚。动物模型提供了解决这些问题的理想场所,因为可以在药物暴露之前和之后定义神经行为表型。我们从出生后 31-35 天(相当于青春期早期)让小鼠接触可卡因,使用的剂量方案会导致成年期工具逆转任务受损。然后我们对深层 oPFC 中的兴奋性神经元进行成像和重建。先前接触可卡因会缩短和简化乔木,特别是在基部区域。接下来,我们对可卡因易感性发育遗传模型(p190rhogap+/– 小鼠)的眼眶神经元进行了成像和重建。 p190RhoGAP 是一种肌动蛋白细胞骨架调节蛋白,可稳定树突和树突棘,p190rhogap+/– 小鼠响应可卡因而发展出快速而强大的运动激活。尽管如此,在未接受药物治疗的 p190rhogap+/– 小鼠中,oPFC 树突状结构完好无损。总之,这些发现提供了证据,表明青少年接触可卡因对 oPFC 中的树突结构具有长期影响,并且表明可卡因诱导的树突结构改变可能比该细胞群中预先存在的结构异常更能促进可卡因的行为影响。
Cocaine and amphetamine remodel dendritic spines within discrete cortico-limbic brain structures including the orbitofrontal cortex (oPFC). Whether dendrite structure is similarly affected, and whether pre-existing cellular characteristics influence behavioral vulnerabilities to drugs of abuse, remain unclear. Animal models provide an ideal venue to address these issues because neurobehavioral phenotypes can be defined both before, and following, drug exposure. We exposed mice to cocaine from postnatal days 31–35, corresponding to early adolescence, using a dosing protocol that causes impairments in an instrumental reversal task in adulthood. We then imaged and reconstructed excitatory neurons in deep-layer oPFC. Prior cocaine exposure shortened and simplified arbors, particularly in the basal region. Next, we imaged and reconstructed orbital neurons in a developmental-genetic model of cocaine vulnerability—the p190rhogap+/– mouse. p190RhoGAP is an actin cytoskeleton regulatory protein that stabilizes dendrites and dendritic spines, and p190rhogap+/– mice develop rapid and robust locomotor activation in response to cocaine. Despite this, oPFC dendritic arbors were intact in drug-naïve p190rhogap+/– mice. Together, these findings provide evidence that adolescent cocaine exposure has long-term effects on dendrite structure in the oPFC, and they suggest that cocaine-induced modifications in dendrite structure may contribute to the behavioral effects of cocaine more so than pre-existing structural abnormalities in this cell population.
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