LATE-PHASE REACTION IN ASTHMA - BASIC MECHANISMS
LATE-PHASE REACTION IN ASTHMA - BASIC MECHANISMS
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DOI：
10.1159/000236471
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发表时间：
1993-01-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
PRADALIER, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
PRADALIER, A
过敏原被肥大细胞和致敏 T 细胞识别。在早期反应中，肥大细胞产生引起气道变化的介质。在后期反应 (LPR) 过程中，介质还会诱导嗜酸性粒细胞和中性粒细胞的趋化募集和激活。显示 LPR 的哮喘患者的支气管肺泡灌洗液 (BAL) 中的过敏原激发后 4 小时，嗜酸性粒细胞和中性粒细胞的数量增加。这与对乙酰甲胆碱或组胺的敏感性增加有关。 BAL 中嗜酸性粒细胞及其阳离子蛋白水平的增加与 LPR 的大小有关。阳离子蛋白对人体上皮有毒性，嗜碱性粒细胞、巨噬细胞和淋巴细胞也参与炎症反应。一些作者认为LPR中嗜碱性粒细胞比肥大细胞对抗原更重要。 T 淋巴细胞释放淋巴因子，例如白细胞介素 5，可增强嗜酸性粒细胞的脱粒作用。所有炎症细胞都释放一系列介质，特别是白三烯和血小板激活因子。
Allergens are recognized by mast cells and sensitized T cells. In the early-phase reaction, mast cells produce mediators that cause changes in the airways. The mediators also induce chemotactic recruitment and activation of eosinophils and neutrophils during the late-phase reaction (LPR). The numbers of eosinophils and neutrophils are increased 4 h after challenge with allergen in the broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BAL) of asthmatics who show an LPR. This is associated with an increased sensitivity to methacholine or histamine. The increase in the levels of eosinophils and their cationic proteins in the BAL is related to the magnitude of the LPR. The cationic proteins are toxic to human epithelium, Basophils, macrophages and lymphocytes are also involved in the inflammatory reaction. Some authors believe that basophils are more important than mast cells in the LPR to antigen. T lymphocytes release lymphokines, such as interleukin 5, which enhances the degranulation of eosinophils. All of the inflammatory cells release a range of mediators, in particular leukotrienes and platelet activating factor.