The shame of addiction.
The shame of addiction.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyt.2013.00120
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发表时间：
2013-10-08
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Flanagan, Owen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Flanagan, Owen
成瘾是一种个人层面的现象，涉及双重规范失败。对该物质缺乏正常、合理、有效的代理或自我控制能力；对这种失败以及未能达到成瘾者本人承认和渴望的美好生活标准感到羞耻。对成瘾感到羞耻并不是一个错误。它是成瘾形态的一部分，是成瘾正常现象的一部分，而且常常是成瘾者治愈的动力来源。就像最近在成瘾文献中试图将“选择”和“责任”等规范概念回归到理解和治疗成瘾的正确位置的其他尝试一样，双胞胎规范失败模型与成瘾的遗传和神经科学原因的研究完全兼容。此外，该模型并没有重新道德化成瘾。可以有羞耻而不责备。
Addiction is a person-level phenomenon that involves twin normative failures. A failure of normal rational effective agency or self-control with respect to the substance; and shame at both this failure, and the failure to live up to the standards for a good life that the addict himself acknowledges and aspires to. Feeling shame for addiction is not a mistake. It is part of the shape of addiction, part of the normal phenomenology of addiction, and often a source of motivation for the addict to heal. Like other recent attempts in the addiction literature to return normative concepts such as "choice" and "responsibility" to their rightful place in understanding and treating addiction, the twin normative failure model is fully compatible with investigation of genetic and neuroscientific causes of addiction. Furthermore, the model does not re-moralize addiction. There can be shame without blame.