Paraphernalia Laws, Criminalizing Possession and Distribution of Items Used to Consume Illicit Drugs, and Injection-Related Harm
Paraphernalia Laws, Criminalizing Possession and Distribution of Items Used to Consume Illicit Drugs, and Injection-Related Harm
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DOI：
10.2105/ajph.2019.305268
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发表时间：
2019-11-01
影响因子：
12.7
通讯作者：
Samuels, Elizabeth A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Davis, Corey S.;Carr, Derek H.;Samuels, Elizabeth A.
美国仍然受到前所未有的毒品危害的影响。艾滋病毒、丙型肝炎和心内膜炎的感染与注射毒品者无法获得新注射器以及随后的注射器共用有关，随着阿片类药物过量死亡人数的激增，这些感染也在增加。压倒性的证据表明，每次注射使用新注射器可以预防注射相关的血液传播疾病。此外，有一项有希望的研究表明，向注射毒品的人分发芬太尼试纸会改变个人的注射决定，从而使药物使用更安全，并降低致命过量的风险。然而，法律禁止拥有注射器和芬太尼测试条坚持在几乎每个州.国家用具的法律完全和立即废除既保证和需要减少阿片类药物过量死亡和相关危害.这种废除将改善注射毒品者及其互动者的健康，减少血液传播疾病的传播和与非法制造的芬太尼渗透到非法药物供应中有关的致命过量。它还将释放稀缺的公共资源，这些资源可以重新用于以证据为基础的方法，以减少与毒品有关的伤害。
The United States remains in the grip of an unprecedented epidemic of drug-related harm. Infections of HIV, hepatitis C, and endocarditis related to lack of access to new syringes and subsequent syringe sharing among people who inject drugs have increased alongside a surge in opioid overdose deaths.Overwhelming evidence shows that using a new syringe with every injection prevents injection-related blood-borne disease transmission. Additionally, there is promising research suggesting that the distribution of fentanyl test strips to people who inject drugs changes individuals' injection decisions, which enables safer drug use and reduces the risk of fatal overdose. However, laws prohibiting the possession of syringes and fentanyl test strips persist in nearly every state.The full and immediate repeal of state paraphernalia laws is both warranted and needed to reduce opioid overdose death and related harms. Such repeal would improve the health of people who inject drugs and those with whom they interact, reducing the spread of blood-borne disease and fatal overdose associated with infiltration of illicitly manufactured fentanyl into the illicit drug supply. It would also free up scarce public resources that could be redirected toward evidence-based approaches to reducing drug-related harm.