Genetic consequences of Pleistocene range shifts: contrast between the Arctic, the Alps and the East African mountains
Genetic consequences of Pleistocene range shifts: contrast between the Arctic, the Alps and the East African mountains
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-294x.2007.03299.x
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发表时间：
2007-06-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Brochmann, Christian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ehrich, Dorothee;Gaudeul, Myriam;Brochmann, Christian
在范围广泛的物种中，可以预测在更新世期间范围变化对气候变化的响应的遗传后果在分布区的不同部分是不同的。我们使用扩增片段长度多态数据来比较阿拉比斯高山植物的遗传结构，它是一种分布广泛的北极高山和非洲高山植物，在其分布范围的三个不同部分：北大西洋地区，在最后一个冰河时代后被重新殖民，欧洲阿尔卑斯山，范围转移可能主要是海拔高度，以及东非的高山，那里的当代山顶种群是山脉收缩的结果。通过对种群内和种群间的遗传多样性进行聚类分析和估计，推断出遗传结构。辽阔的北大西洋地区几乎没有多样性，可能是由一个单一的避难种群重新殖民的，可能位于阿尔卑斯山和北部冰盖之间。在欧洲山区，遗传多样性很高，不同的遗传群体具有零星的、有时是分离的分布。在非洲山区，遗传多样性很高，结构清晰，部分符合以前的叶绿体系统地理。欧洲和非洲山区的碎片化结构表明，高山艾美耳草在已建立的种群中很少分散。然而，所有地区都出现了偶尔的远距离扩散事件。北方缺乏遗传多样性的原因可能是这种先驱植物在冰川前缘地区的前沿殖民，紧随着冰川的消退。总体而言，观察到的遗传结构符合基于不同地区环境历史的预期。
In wide-ranging species, the genetic consequences of range shifts in response to climate change during the Pleistocene can be predicted to differ among different parts of the distribution area. We used amplified fragment length polymorphism data to compare the genetic structure of Arabis alpina, a widespread arctic-alpine and afro-alpine plant, in three distinct parts of its range: the North Atlantic region, which was recolonized after the last ice age, the European Alps, where range shifts were probably primarily altitudinal, and the high mountains of East Africa, where the contemporary mountain top populations result from range contraction. Genetic structure was inferred using clustering analyses and estimates of genetic diversity within and between populations. There was virtually no diversity in the vast North Atlantic region, which was probably recolonized from a single refugial population, possibly located between the Alps and the northern ice sheets. In the European mountains, genetic diversity was high and distinct genetic groups had a patchy and sometimes disjunct distribution. In the African mountains, genetic diversity was high, clearly structured and partially in accordance with a previous chloroplast phylogeography. The fragmented structure in the European and African mountains indicated that A. alpina disperses little among established populations. Occasional long-distance dispersal events were, however, suggested in all regions. The lack of genetic diversity in the north may be explained by leading-edge colonization by this pioneer plant in glacier forelands, closely following the retracting glaciers. Overall, the genetic structure observed corresponded to the expectations based on the environmental history of the different regions.