Simulation of the Propagation and Effects of Gravity Waves Generated by Tonga Volcano Eruption in the Thermosphere and Ionosphere Using Nested‐Grid TIEGCM
Simulation of the Propagation and Effects of Gravity Waves Generated by Tonga Volcano Eruption in the Thermosphere and Ionosphere Using Nested‐Grid TIEGCM
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DOI：
10.1029/2023ja031354
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发表时间：
2023-04
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通讯作者：
Haonan Wu;Xian Lu;Wenbin Wang;Han L. Liu
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作者：
Haonan Wu;Xian Lu;Wenbin Wang;Han L. Liu
2022年1月15日的Hunga Tonga - Hunga Ha'apai火山喷发引发了高层大气中强烈的大气重力波（GW）活动，后来通过各种观测发现了这一活动。我们使用热层-电离层-电动力学环流模型（TIEGCM）对汤加火山喷发的电离层-热层-热层（I‐T）模型进行了首次GW效应研究。除了全球低分辨率网格外，我们还在区域域中实现了一个高分辨率网格（嵌套网格），这与标准的全球统一分辨率设置不同。嵌套网格TIEGCM （TIEGCM - NG）利用高分辨率全大气群落气候模式输出的热层和电离层扩展模拟，通过进一步推动TIEGCM下边界（~ 97 km）的GW场，成功地模拟了观测到的波在I - T系统中的传播和效应。仿真结果表明，水平分辨率是模拟GW传播的关键参数。在高分辨率嵌套区域内，水平波长为~ 400 km，周期为10-30 min的GWs可以向外和向上传播，并产生接近观测值的显著电离层扰动。在嵌套区域之外，只有长波长的低频波存活下来。另一项测试表明，当位势高度在TIEGCM下边界被推入时，可以更好地分辨出gw。TIEGCM - NG具有同时模拟局部、小尺度到中尺度I - T过程的能力，其计算成本大大降低，优于全局高分辨率模拟，并可能在I - T系统区域动力学研究中得到应用。
The Hunga Tonga‐Hunga Ha'apai volcano eruption on 15 January 2022 triggered strong atmospheric gravity wave (GW) activity in the upper atmosphere, which was later detected by various observations. We perform one of the first ionosphere‐thermosphere (I‐T) model studies of the GW effects from the Tonga eruption in the ionosphere‐thermosphereI‐T system using the thermosphere‐ionosphere‐electrodynamics general circulation model (TIEGCM). We implement a high‐resolution mesh inside a regional domain (nested grid) in addition to the global low‐resolution mesh, which differs from the standard global uniform resolution setup. The nested‐grid TIEGCM (TIEGCM‐NG) successfully simulates the observed wave propagation and effects in the I‐T system by further nudging GW fields at TIEGCM lower boundaries (∼97 km) using output from the high‐resolution whole atmosphere community climate model with thermosphere and ionosphere extension simulations. The simulation results indicate that the critical parameter to simulate GW propagation is horizontal resolution. Inside the high‐resolution nested region, GWs with horizontal wavelengths of ∼400 km and periods of 10–30 min can propagate outward and upward and produce significant ionospheric disturbances close to observations. Outside the nested region, only long‐wavelength, low‐frequency waves survive. Another test indicates that GWs can be better resolved when geopotential height is nudged at TIEGCM lower boundaries. With the capability of simultaneously simulating local, small to mesoscale I‐T processes, TIEGCM‐NG is superior to global high‐resolution simulations due to its largely reduced computation cost and may find its application in the study of I‐T system regional dynamics.