Seasonal phenology of Bactrocera minax (Diptera: Tephritidae) in western Bhutan
Seasonal phenology of Bactrocera minax (Diptera: Tephritidae) in western Bhutan
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DOI：
10.1079/ber2006455
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发表时间：
2006-10-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Romig, M. C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dorji, C.;Clarke, A. R.;Romig, M. C.
中国柑橘类果蝇小实蝇(Bactrocera （Tetradacus) minax (Enderlein)）是不丹柑橘类的主要害虫之一，可导致50%的柑橘（citrus reticulata Blanco）果实掉落。作为制定柑橘果园蝇类管理策略的一部分，进行了种群监测和实验操作，以确定：(i)成虫羽化期；（ii）成虫物候模式；（iii）作物易感期；（四）从落果到化蛹的时间。在不丹西部，成虫在4月底/ 5月初从越冬蛹阶段出现。大多数苍蝇在5月底成熟，推测交配发生在这个时候：从6月初开始，雄性苍蝇迅速从种群中消失，到6月中下旬，捕蝇器很少或没有雄性苍蝇。在六月初，成熟的雌性出现在柑橘作物中，但在六月中旬之前很少产卵，而大多数损害发生在七月中旬。柑桔产卵的开始几乎肯定与作物物候有关。成虫在8月份从果园系统中消失。落果后，幼虫在13天内离果化蛹。建议在一个月的产卵期使用早至中期蛋白诱饵喷雾和/或有针对性地使用全身杀虫剂，并每10天清除一次落果，作为控制策略。
The Chinese citrus fruit fly, Bactrocera (Tetradacus) minax (Enderlein), is one of the major citrus pests in Bhutan and can cause > 50% mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) fruit drop. As part of the development of a management strategy for the fly in mandarin orchards, population monitoring and experimental manipulations were carried out to determine: (i) adult emergence period; ( ii) adult phenology patterns; (iii) period of crop susceptibility; and (iv) period from fruit drop to pupation. In western Bhutan, adult flies emerge from the overwintering pupal stage in late April/early May. Most flies are mature by the end of May and it is inferred that mating occurs at this time: from the beginning of June males rapidly disappear from the population and by mid-to late June are rare or absent from traps. Mature females are present in the mandarin crop at the beginning of June, but very little oviposition occurs until mid-June, while most damage has occurred by mid-July. Initiation of oviposition into mandarins is almost certainly linked to crop phenology. Adult flies disappear from the orchard system during August. After fruit drop, larvae were recorded leaving the fruit to pupate within 13 days. The use of early to mid-season protein bait sprays and/or targeted use of systemic insecticides during the one month oviposition period, plus the removal of fallen fruit once every 10 days, are recommended as control strategies.