Popular opinion leaders in London: a response to Kelly
Popular opinion leaders in London: a response to Kelly
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DOI：
10.1080/09540120410001640995
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发表时间：
2004-02-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Sherr, L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Elford, J;Bolding, G;Sherr, L
在美国进行的对照试验提供了明确的证据，证明同伴教育可以减少男同性恋者的高风险性行为。系统地识别、招募、培训和参与民意领袖（pol）的艾滋病毒预防干预措施对美国小城镇社区一级的性行为产生了重大影响。然而，最近在英国进行的试验未能重复这些发现。在伦敦进行的POL干预在社区层面上对男同性恋者的危险行为没有显著影响。美国研究报告的作者之一杰弗里•凯利（Jeffrey Kelly）指出了受欢迎意见领袖模型的9个核心要素。在Kelly看来，“英国的项目并不是民意领袖模型的测试，因为他们没有使用大多数这些POL核心元素”。因此，英国计划在社区层面上对性风险行为没有任何重大影响并不令人惊讶。事实上，伦敦POL项目将所有核心要素纳入其设计，并在交付时成功地采用了9个要素中的7个。但是，由于在征聘大众意见领袖方面存在问题以及沟通方面存在障碍，雇用所有核心人员的努力受到阻碍。过程评价表明，正是这些障碍限制了扩散。这反过来解释了伦敦POL项目在社区层面上对性风险行为没有任何影响。在伦敦成功传播的障碍提供了一个宝贵的机会来检查作为POL模型基础的过程。我们的研究提出了一个问题，即在一个环境、地点或时刻显示有效的社会干预是否可以在另一个环境、地点或时刻复制。
Controlled trials conducted in the USA provide clear evidence that peer education can bring about a reduction in high risk sexual behaviour among gay men. HIV prevention interventions that systematically identified, recruited, trained and engaged popular opinion leaders ( POLs) made a significant impact on sexual behaviour at a community level in small US towns. However, recent trials conducted in the UK have failed to replicate these findings. A POL intervention in London made no significant impact at a community level on the risk behaviours of gay men. Jeffrey Kelly, one of the authors of the US studies, has identified nine core elements central to the popular opinion leader model. In Kelly's view ` the UK projects were not tests of the popular opinion leader model because they did not employ most of these POL core elements'. The absence of any significant impact of the UK programmes on sexual risk behaviour at a community level was not, therefore, surprising. In fact, the London POL project incorporated all the core elements into its design and succeeded in employing seven out of nine in its delivery. Attempts to employ all the core elements, however, were hampered by problems in recruiting popular opinion leaders as well as barriers to communication. Process evaluation revealed that it was these obstacles which limited diffusion. This in turn explained the absence of any impact of the London POL project on sexual risk behaviour at a community level. The obstacles to successful diffusion in London have provided a valuable opportunity for examining the processes that underlie the POL model. Our study raises the question as to whether social interventions shown to be effective in one setting, place or moment in time can be replicated in another.