The political economy of housing in England
The political economy of housing in England
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DOI：
10.1080/13563467.2016.1195346
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发表时间：
2017-02-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Ratnoo, Vigyan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Coelho, Miguel;Dellepiane-Avellaneda, Sebastian;Ratnoo, Vigyan
住房负担能力问题多年来一直困扰着英国部分地区，特别是英格兰东南部。这个问题与住房供应短缺密切相关，而住房供应短缺又在很大程度上与英国土地规划制度所施加的限制有关。解释这些限制的一个主要理论认为，它们反映了政治经济力量，这些力量以不成比例和过度影响的方式将当前房主的利益传达给规划决策。我们测试这一理论，通过检查调查数据的公众对当地社区的房屋建设的态度，并通过调查这些态度是否与当地的规划决策。我们发现，有一种趋势，自住业主表示更大的反对当地的房屋建设，并在十年至2011年，住房存量增长显着减少地方当局与当地家庭中自住业主的比例较高。结果表明，规划决策可能被扭曲以有利于当前房主的风险是真实的，在经济上也是重大的。我们讨论了一系列历史、社会经济和政策趋势，这些趋势有助于解释为什么历届政府都不愿意解决住房供应方面的问题，并抑制房价。
Problems of housing affordability have been afflicting parts of the UK, especially the South East of England, for a number of years. The problem is closely related to shortages in housing supply, which are, in turn, largely associated with constraints imposed by the English land planning system. A leading theory for explaining these constraints posits that they reflect political economy forces that convey the interests of current homeowners to planning decisions in disproportionate and excessively influential ways. We test this theory by examining survey data on public attitudes to house building in local communities; and by investigating whether these attitudes are related to local planning decisions. We find that there is a tendency for owner-occupiers to express greater opposition to local house building and that, in the decade to 2011, the housing stock grew significantly less in local authorities with higher proportions of owner-occupiers among local households. The results suggest the risk that planning decisions might have been distorted in favour of current homeowners is real and economically significant. We discuss a range of historical, socio-economic and policy trends that help explain why successive governments of various stripes have been reluctant to address head-on problems in housing supply and put a curb on house prices.