Methodological Framework and Feasibility Study to Assess Social Equity Impacts of the Built Environment
Methodological Framework and Feasibility Study to Assess Social Equity Impacts of the Built Environment
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DOI：
10.1061/(asce)co.1943-7862.0001914
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发表时间：
2020-11-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Armanios, Daniel Erian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jones, Samuel H.;Armanios, Daniel Erian
土木工程师认识到，需要更好地解决基础设施系统对社会公平的潜在影响。然而，面临的挑战是将社会公平问题转化为可用于工程分析的指标。在本案例研究中，作者的目标是确定这些指标，这些指标随后可供工程师使用，他们寻求做出公平的基础设施建设，更换和修复决策。结合地理空间和统计技术的公开数据源，这项研究提出了一个定量框架，如何将社会公平指标纳入基础设施分析。以宾夕法尼亚州的桥梁系统为例，分析了该框架的可行性。这项可行性研究发现，选择效应（即，驱动桥选址的因素）比处理效果（即，桥梁建成后发生的变化）对社会公平的影响。一致的变量也被识别为与这些效应相关（例如，人口统计学变量，以及较小程度上的家庭变量）。总体而言，本研究提出了有助于地方政府交通机构更好地将社会公平纳入基础设施建设、更换和修复的措施和方法。(c)2020年美国土木工程师协会
Civil engineers recognize the need to better address the potential consequences of infrastructure systems on social equity. However, the challenge has been translating social equity concerns into metrics that are usable in engineering analyses. In this case study, the authors aim to identify such metrics that can be subsequently used by engineers who seek to make equity-informed infrastructure construction, replacement, and rehabilitation decisions. Combining geospatial and statistical techniques on publicly available data sources, this research proposes a quantitative framework for how to incorporate social equity metrics into infrastructure analyses. The feasibility of this framework is analyzed in the case of Pennsylvania's bridge system. This feasibility study finds that selection effects (i.e., factors that drive bridge siting) are stronger than treatment effects (i.e., changes that occur after bridge construction) of bridges on social equity. Consistent variables are also identified as correlated with such effects (e.g., demographic and, to a lesser degree, family variables). Overall, this research proposes measures and an approach that helps local government transportation agencies better incorporate social equity into infrastructure construction, replacement and rehabilitation. (c) 2020 American Society of Civil Engineers.