Pulling the sting out of nettle systematics - A comprehensive phylogeny of the genus Urtica L. (Urticaceae)
Pulling the sting out of nettle systematics - A comprehensive phylogeny of the genus Urtica L. (Urticaceae)
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ympev.2016.05.019
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发表时间：
2016-09-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Weigend, Maximilian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grosse-Veldmann, Bernadette;Nuerk, Nicolai M.;Weigend, Maximilian
L属是亚世界性的，分布于所有大陆(南极洲除外)和大多数温带岛屿，分布范围从阿拉斯加到巴塔哥尼亚，从斯匹兹卑尔根到开普敦，从坎察卡到亚南极岛屿。然而，在整个地理范围内，在形态上几乎无法区分的物种与形态上完全不同的物种并驾齐驱，形态特征的整体多样性极其有限。在过去的200年里，荨麻属的系统学一直困扰着科学家，过去没有发表过一次关于理解属下关系的全面尝试，也没有明确地建立物种界限。我们首次提供了该属的全面系统发育图，包括已知的63种中的61种，由144个组内种质和14个群外分类群组成。使用标记ITS1-5.8S-ITS2、PSBA-trnH基因间隔区、trnL-trnF和trns-trnG。进化史已经被很好地解决了。东亚的郑雅神农根斯T.邓，D.G.张和H.孙被检索为熊胆的姊妹种。在熊胆属中，由欧亚大陆西部的L种和克里特克种组成的空地是该属所有其他种的姐妹。系统发育分析检索到了许多支持良好的分支，表明了以前不曾怀疑的亲缘关系，并意味着经典使用的分类特征，如叶形态和生长习性，是高度同源的。种的划分是有问题的，并且在系统发育的很大不同的地方检索到了几个归属于二粒荨麻L(作为亚种)的种质。该属似乎经历了许多次在大陆之间和不同岛屿上的扩散建立事件。推测了最近的三次物种辐射，一次在美洲以安第斯山脉为中心，一次在新西兰，另一次在欧亚大陆北部，其中包括大片荨麻。Sensu Henning等人。(2014)。本研究为重新审视物种限制和分类学，以及这一广泛分布的植物群的扩散生态学和深入研究最近辐射的三个分支提供了基础。(C)2016 Elsevier Inc.保留所有权利。
The genus Urtica L is subcosmopolitan, found on all continents (except Antarctica) and most extratropical islands and ranges from Alaska to Patagonia, Spitzbergen to the Cape and Camtschatka to the subantarctic islands. However, throughout its geographical range morphologically nearly indistinguishable species are found alongside morphologically quite disparate species, with the overall diversity of morphological characters extremely limited. The systematics of Urtica have puzzled scientists for the past 200 years and no single comprehensive attempt at understanding infrageneric relationships has been published in the past, nor are species delimitations unequivocally established. We here provide the first comprehensive phylogeny of the genus including 61 of the 63 species recognized, represented by 144 ingroup accessions and 14 outgroup taxa. The markers ITS1-5.8S-ITS2, psbA-trnH intergenic spacer, trnL-trnF and trnS-trnG are used. The phylogeny is well resolved. The eastern Asian Zhengyia shennongensis T. Deng, D.G. Zhang & H. Sun is retrieved as sister to Urtica. Within Urtica, a Glade comprising the western Eurasian species U. pilulifera L and U. neubaueri Chrtek is sister to all other species of the genus. The phylogenetic analyses retrieve numerous well-supported clades, suggesting previously unsuspected relationships and implying that classically used taxonomic characters such as leaf morphology and growth habit are highly homoplasious. Species delimitation is problematical, and several accessions assigned to Urtica dioica L (as subspecies) are retrieved in widely different places in the phylogeny. The genus seems to have undergone numerous dispersal-establishment events both between continents and onto different islands. Three recent species radiations are inferred, one in America centered in the Andes, one in New Zealand, and one in northern Eurasia which includes Urtica dioica s.str. sensu Henning et al. (2014). The present study provides the basis of a critical re-examination of species limits and taxonomy, but also of the dispersal ecology of this widespread plant group and an in-depth study of the three clades with recent radiations. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.