Principled missing data methods for researchers.

Principled missing data methods for researchers.
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DOI:
10.1186/2193-1801-2-222
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发表时间:
2013-12
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Peng CY
Peng CY
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Dong Y;Peng CY

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缺失数据对定量研究的影响可能是严重的,导致参数估计有偏差,信息丢失,统计功效下降,标准误增加,结果的普遍性减弱。在本文中,我们讨论和演示了三个原则性的缺失数据的方法:多重填补,全信息最大似然,期望最大化算法,应用于现实世界的数据集。结果进行了对比,从完整的数据集和从列表删除方法。每种方法的相对优点都被指出,沿着它们共有的共同特征。本文最后强调了统计假设的重要性,并对研究人员提出了建议。如果(a)研究人员明确承认缺失数据问题及其发生的条件,(B)采用原则性方法处理缺失数据,(c)将缺失数据的适当处理纳入提交出版的手稿的审查标准,研究质量将得到提高。
The impact of missing data on quantitative research can be serious, leading to biased estimates of parameters, loss of information, decreased statistical power, increased standard errors, and weakened generalizability of findings. In this paper, we discussed and demonstrated three principled missing data methods: multiple imputation, full information maximum likelihood, and expectation-maximization algorithm, applied to a real-world data set. Results were contrasted with those obtained from the complete data set and from the listwise deletion method. The relative merits of each method are noted, along with common features they share. The paper concludes with an emphasis on the importance of statistical assumptions, and recommendations for researchers. Quality of research will be enhanced if (a) researchers explicitly acknowledge missing data problems and the conditions under which they occurred, (b) principled methods are employed to handle missing data, and (c) the appropriate treatment of missing data is incorporated into review standards of manuscripts submitted for publication.
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