Global emissions of HFC-23 estimated to year 2015
Global emissions of HFC-23 estimated to year 2015
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.02.021
复制
发表时间：
2007-03
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
A. Mcculloch;A. Lindley
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Mcculloch;A. Lindley
HFC-23（三氟甲烷，氟仿，CHF3）是一种强大的温室气体，在生产HCFC-22（氯二氟甲烷，CHClF2）的反应器阶段形成。形成的数量取决于制造过程中使用的条件，对于单个工厂，其数量在HCFC-22产量的1%至4%之间。虽然可以通过优化工艺条件来减少HFC-23的形成，但不可能完全消除其生产。这需要破坏，通常是通过热氧化。根据《京都议定书》，发达国家有义务减少温室气体排放，在发展中国家，清洁发展机制下有焚烧HFC-23废物流的项目。这将导致相对于HCFC-22产量的全球平均排放因子的减少。我们提出了到2015年全球HCFC-22产量的估计，以及由此可能产生的HFC-23排放量的计算范围。在对气候变化的影响方面，经计算，2015年由排放积累的HFC-23的大气负担对气候辐射强迫的贡献在0.1%至0.2%之间。到那一年，HFC-23的年排放量将相当于2.84亿至2800万吨二氧化碳，而预计人为温室气体排放总量将在460亿至590亿吨二氧化碳当量之间。
HFC-23 (trifluoromethane, fluoroform, CHF3) is a powerful greenhouse gas that is formed at the reactor stage of the manufacture of HCFC-22 (chlorodifluoromethane, CHClF2). The amount formed depends on the conditions used in the manufacturing process and, for individual plants, lies between 1% and 4% of the production of HCFC-22. While it is possible to reduce the formation of HFC-23 by optimising process conditions, it is not possible to eliminate its production. This requires destruction, generally by thermal oxidation. Under the Kyoto Protocol, developed countries have obligations to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and, in the developing world, there are projects under the Clean Development Mechanism for the incineration of HFC-23 waste streams. These should lead to a reduction in average global emission factors relative to production of HCFC-22. We present estimates of global production of HCFC-22 up to the year 2015 and also the calculated range of emissions of HFC-23 that may be consequences of this. In terms of the effect on climate change, the atmospheric burden of HFC-23 accumulated from emissions is calculated to contribute between 0.1% and 0.2% of the radiative forcing of climate in 2015. Annual emissions of HFC-23 would be equivalent to between 284 and 28 million tonnes of CO2in that year, when total anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions are predicted to lie between 46,000 million and 59,000 million tonnes of CO2equivalent.