Cellulose Synthase-Like D1 Is Integral to Normal Cell Division, Expansion, and Leaf Development in Maize
Cellulose Synthase-Like D1 Is Integral to Normal Cell Division, Expansion, and Leaf Development in Maize
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DOI：
10.1104/pp.111.188466
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发表时间：
2012-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Koch, Karen E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hunter, Charles T.;Kirienko, Daniel Hill;Koch, Karen E.
纤维素合成酶样D（CslD）基因在细胞壁形成中具有重要的作用，尽管仍然不清楚。在这里，我们显示了玉米（Zea mays）中的CslD 1意外地参与细胞分裂。csld 1突变体的窄器官和疣状表型中的分裂和扩张都发生了改变。叶片宽度减少了35%，这主要是由于整个叶片上的单元格文件数量减少了47%。其他器官的宽度也成比例减少。在叶表皮中，细胞宽度适度、均匀的增加只能部分补偿侧向分裂的不足。局部分化错误的表皮细胞簇也导致疣状病变的形成，细胞簇从表皮层凸出，一些细胞膨胀到比正常细胞大75倍的体积。细胞分裂减少和局部表皮扩张与csld 1叶片或表皮细胞壁组成的可检测变化无关，但茎的高分辨率x射线断层扫描显示了更丰富的薄而致密的细胞壁。导致疣形成的细胞水平缺陷被追踪到叶片基部活跃的细胞分裂和扩张的位点，在那里胞质分裂和横壁形成被破坏。流式细胞仪证实了更高频率的多倍体细胞在叶片的基部区域，与胞质分裂和/或csld 1突变体的细胞周期的中断一致。总的来说，这些数据表明CSLD活性在植物细胞分裂中的作用，特别是在跨壁形成的早期阶段。
The Cellulose Synthase-Like D (CslD) genes have important, although still poorly defined, roles in cell wall formation. Here, we show an unexpected involvement of CslD1 from maize (Zea mays) in cell division. Both division and expansion were altered in the narrow-organ and warty phenotypes of the csld1 mutants. Leaf width was reduced by 35%, due mainly to a 47% drop in the number of cell files across the blade. Width of other organs was also proportionally reduced. In leaf epidermis, the deficiency in lateral divisions was only partially compensated by a modest, uniform increase in cell width. Localized clusters of misdivided epidermal cells also led to the formation of warty lesions, with cell clusters bulging from the epidermal layer, and some cells expanding to volumes 75-fold greater than normal. The decreased cell divisions and localized epidermal expansions were not associated with detectable changes in the cell wall composition of csld1 leaf blades or epidermal peels, yet a greater abundance of thin, dense walls was indicated by high-resolution x-ray tomography of stems. Cell-level defects leading to wart formation were traced to sites of active cell division and expansion at the bases of leaf blades, where cytokinesis and cross-wall formation were disrupted. Flow cytometry confirmed a greater frequency of polyploid cells in basal zones of leaf blades, consistent with the disruption of cytokinesis and/or the cell cycle in csld1 mutants. Collectively, these data indicate a previously unrecognized role for CSLD activity in plant cell division, especially during early phases of cross-wall formation.